Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis Ekbom Disease (RLS/WED) is a common neurological disorder characterized by uncomfortable and unpleasant sensations in the legs, with an urge to move. The symptoms typically begin or worsen during periods of rest, in particular during the evening and at night, while the activity may typically relieve them. The majority of patients complains of poor sleep. Recent studies reported the prevalence is ranging from 5 to 10%. RLS/WED can be divided into primary (patients without associated conditions that may explain the symptoms) and secondary forms (mostly iron deficiency). RLS/WED is typically a chronic condition. The clinical course varies according to the age of onset. A great load of accumulating research and clinical data have led to an extended consensus for a need to enhance the diagnostic criteria. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical comparison among different diagnostic criteria, taking into account respectively the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD), the International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). There are several remarkable distinctions between the IRLSSG revised criteria, ICSD-3 and DSM-V. Contrary to the DSM-V criteria, ICSD-3 diagnostic criteria are more aligned to the IRLSSG ones. In fact, the five essential criteria of the IRLSSG are also required for the diagnosis of RLS/WED according to ICSD-3. The new IRLSSG criteria provide a more rigorous approach to case ascertainment and a better characterization of patients by specifying clinical significance and course. Future ascertainment of correct diagnosis should include documentation that all five diagnostic criteria are considered.

中文翻译：

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不安腿综合症/威廉斯·埃克博姆病：根据不同疾病分类的新诊断标准。

腿不安综合症/威廉姆斯埃博姆病（RLS / WED）是一种常见的神经系统疾病，其特征是腿部不适和不适，并有活动的冲动。症状通常在休息期间开始或加重，特别是在晚上和晚上，而活动通常可以减轻症状。大多数患者抱怨睡眠不良。最近的研究报道患病率在5％到10％之间。RLS / WED可分为原发性（无可解释症状的相关病症的患者）和继发性形式（主要是铁缺乏症）。RLS / WED通常是慢性病。临床过程因发病年龄而异。大量研究和临床数据的积累导致人们对提高诊断标准的需求达成了共识。本文的目的是提供不同诊断标准之间的重要比较，分别考虑到国际睡眠障碍分类（ICSD），国际RLS研究小组（IRLSSG）和精神障碍诊断和统计手册（DSM） 。IRLSSG修订标准ICSD-3和DSM-V之间有几个明显的区别。与DSM-V标准相反，ICSD-3诊断标准与IRLSSG的标准更加一致。实际上，根据ICSD-3的诊断，RLS / WED也需要IRLSSG的五个基本标准。通过指定临床意义和过程，新的IRLSSG标准为确定病例提供了更严格的方法，并为患者提供了更好的特征。