BACKGROUND Acute exercise increases red blood cell-nitric oxide synthase (RBC-NOS) activation and RBC deformability but the effect of regular training remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To detect the chronic effect of enduring moderate and high intensity training on the RBC-NOS/NO pathway and to detect a relation between RBC deformability and endurance capacity. METHODS 38 healthy male subjects were randomly assigned to one of three training groups: High Volume Training (HVT; 120-140 beats per minute (bpm)), High Intensity Training (HIT; 160-180 bpm) and Moderate Intensity Training (MIT; 140-160 bpm). Blood parameters, maximum oxygen capacity (VO2 max), RBC deformability, RBC nitrite level and RBC-NOS activation were measured after venous blood sampling at rest pre (T0) and after six weeks of training (T1). RESULTS RBC-NOS activation, RBC nitrite concentration and RBC deformability were significantly increased at T1 in the HIT group. Parameters were unaltered in MIT and HVT. Maximum oxygen uptake was only significantly increased in the HIT group and regression analysis revealed positive regression between VO2 max and RBC deformability. CONCLUSIONS High intensity training was the only training programme that sustainably affected RBC-NOS dependent NO production and performance capacity. HIT therefore represents a time efficient training program resulting in improved RBC function potentially improving physical condition.

中文翻译：

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训练量和强度对RBC-NOS / NO途径和耐力的影响。

背景技术急性运动会增加红细胞一氧化氮合酶（RBC-NOS）的活化和RBC的可变形性，但定期训练的效果仍不清楚。目的探讨持久的中，高强度训练对RBC-NOS / NO途径的慢性影响，并探讨RBC的变形能力与耐力的关系。方法将38名健康男性受试者随机分为以下三个训练组之一：高容量训练（HVT；每分钟120-140次搏动（bpm）），高强度训练（HIT； 160-180 bpm）和中强度训练（MIT 140-160 bpm）。在静息前（T0）和训练六周（T1）后进行静脉血采样后，测量血液参数，最大氧气容量（VO2 max），RBC变形能力，RBC亚硝酸盐水平和RBC-NOS活化。结果RBC-NOS激活，HIT组T1时RBC亚硝酸盐浓度和RBC变形能力显着增加。MIT和HVT中的参数未更改。HIT组最大摄氧量仅显着增加，回归分析显示最大摄氧量与RBC变形能力之间呈正相关。结论高强度训练是唯一可持续影响依赖RBC-NOS的NO产生和表现能力的训练计划。因此，HIT代表了一种省时的培训计划，可以改善RBC的功能，从而有可能改善身体状况。HIT组最大摄氧量仅显着增加，回归分析显示最大摄氧量与RBC变形能力之间呈正相关。结论高强度训练是唯一可持续影响依赖RBC-NOS的NO产生和表现能力的训练计划。因此，HIT代表了一种省时的培训计划，可以改善RBC的功能，从而有可能改善身体状况。HIT组最大摄氧量仅显着增加，回归分析显示最大摄氧量与RBC变形能力之间呈正相关。结论高强度训练是唯一可持续影响依赖RBC-NOS的NO产生和表现能力的训练计划。因此，HIT代表了一种省时的培训计划，可以改善RBC的功能，从而可能改善身体状况。