BACKGROUND The rheology of shear thickening fluids is well characterized for many physical applications, however the literature surrounding biologically or cryobiologically compatible shear thickening fluids is less well understood. OBJECTIVE This study examined fluids consisting of corn-derived hydroxyethyl starch with a variety of sugars and cryoprotectants to characterize their shear-rate viscosity relationship. The objective was to establish if cryobiologically relevant materials could be used to afford biologics protection through shear-thickening. RESULTS Fluids consisting of 50% hydroxyethyl starch by weight exhibited shear thickening with a variety of cryoprotectants. Lowering the temperature of the fluid both reduced critical shear rates and enhanced thickening magnitude. Starch derived from corn, wheat, and rice all exhibited non-Newtonian shear-dependent viscosity behaviour at 50% by weight in water. Between the starch sources however, the shear-rate viscosity relationship varied widely, with wheat-derived starch shear thinning, and the remaining starches forming shear thickening fluids. Different starch sources had different baseline viscosities, critical shear rates, and rates of viscosity increase. CONCLUSIONS This study established that shear thickening is compatible with cryobiologically relevant agents, particularly so at lower temperatures. This forms the basis for harnessing these phenomena in biological processes such as cryopreservation.

中文翻译：

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生物相关制剂中的剪切增稠液。

背景技术对于许多物理应用，剪切增稠流体的流变学已被很好地表征，但是围绕生物学或低温生物学相容的剪切增稠流体的文献却鲜为人知。目的本研究检查了由玉米衍生的羟乙基淀粉与各种糖和防冻剂组成的液体，以表征它们的剪切速率粘度关系。目的是确定是否可以使用与低温生物学相关的材料通过剪切增稠来提供生物制品保护。结果由50％重量的羟乙基淀粉组成的流体在剪切剪切作用下具有多种防冻剂。降低流体温度既降低了临界剪切速率，又增加了增稠幅度。源自玉米，小麦，和大米在水中的重量百分比均为50％时，均表现出非牛顿剪切相关的粘度行为。然而，在淀粉源之间，剪切速率粘度关系变化很大，小麦衍生的淀粉剪切稀化，其余淀粉形成剪切增稠液。不同的淀粉来源具有不同的基线粘度，临界剪切速率和粘度增加速率。结论这项研究确定了剪切增稠与冷冻生物学相关的试剂相容，尤其是在较低温度下。这形成了在诸如冷冻保存的生物学过程中利用这些现象的基础。剩下的淀粉形成剪切增稠流体。不同的淀粉来源具有不同的基线粘度，临界剪切速率和粘度增加速率。结论这项研究确定了剪切增稠与冷冻生物学相关的试剂相容，尤其是在较低温度下。这形成了在诸如冷冻保存的生物学过程中利用这些现象的基础。剩下的淀粉形成剪切增稠流体。不同的淀粉来源具有不同的基线粘度，临界剪切速率和粘度增加速率。结论这项研究确定了剪切增稠与冷冻生物学相关的试剂相容，尤其是在较低温度下。这形成了在诸如冷冻保存的生物学过程中利用这些现象的基础。