Camels possess the characteristics of salt- and drought-resistances, due to the long-time adaption to the living environment in desert. The camel resistance research on transcriptome is rare and deficient, especially reabsorption in renal cortex. Non-coding RNAs are normally considered as the RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins, their current roles remain mostly in regulation of information flux from DNA to protein, further on normal life activities and diseases. In order to reveal the mysterious veil of the post-transcriptional regulation of ncRNAs in renal cortex for the first time as far as we know, we designed and carried out the experiment of salt stress and water-deprivation stress in camel. By means of RNA-seq in renal cortex of Alxa Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus), we identified certain significantly differential RNAs, including 4 novel lncRNAs, 11 miRNAs and 13 mRNAs under salt stress, 0 lncRNAs, 18 miRNAs and 14 mRNAs under water-deprivation stress. By data analysis, the response pathway of post-transcriptional regulation concerning salt and water-deprivation stresses was put forward, involving preventing sodium from entering the cell, purifying of water and compensating neutral amino acids by miR-193b, miR-542-5p interaction with SLC6A19 mRNA. Based on the resistance-related lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs, we proposed the post-transcriptional regulation pathway to explain how camels respond to salt and water-deprivation stresses in the ncRNAs regulation level of renal cortex for the first time, thus hoping to provide a theoretical basis for therapy of disease that is similar to high blood pressure in humans.

中文翻译：

---

骆驼肾皮质盐分和水分缺乏胁迫的关键基因差异表达和途径。

骆驼由于长期适应沙漠中的生活环境而具有抗盐和抗旱的特性。关于转录组的骆驼抗性研究很少且缺乏，特别是在肾皮质中的重吸收。非编码RNA通常被认为是不翻译成蛋白质的RNA分子，它们的当前作用主要仍然是调节从DNA到蛋白质的信息流通，进而影响正常的生活活动和疾病。据我们所知，为了首次揭示肾皮质中ncRNA转录后调控的神秘面纱，我们设计并进行了骆驼中盐分胁迫和缺水胁迫的实验。通过Alxa Bactrian Camel（Camelus bactrianus）肾皮质中的RNA-seq，我们确定了某些显着差异的RNA，包括4个新的lncRNA，11个miRNA和13个mRNA在盐胁迫下，0个lncRNA，18个miRNA和14个mRNA在缺水胁迫下。通过数据分析，提出了转录后调控对盐和缺水胁迫的响应途径，包括通过miR-193b，miR-542-5p相互作用防止钠进入细胞，净化水和补偿中性氨基酸。 SLC6A19 mRNA。基于抗性相关的lncRNA，miRNA和mRNA，我们提出了转录后调控途径来首次解释骆驼如何在肾皮质的ncRNA调控水平中对盐分和水分缺乏胁迫做出反应，从而希望提供类似于人类高血压的疾病治疗的理论基础。盐胁迫下有11个miRNA和13个mRNA，缺水胁迫下有0个lncRNA，18个miRNA和14个mRNA。通过数据分析，提出了有关盐和水分缺乏胁迫的转录后调控反应途径，包括通过miR-193b，miR-542-5p相互作用防止钠进入细胞，净化水和补偿中性氨基酸。 SLC6A19 mRNA。基于抗性相关的lncRNA，miRNA和mRNA，我们提出了转录后调控途径来首次解释骆驼如何在肾皮质的ncRNA调控水平中对盐分和水分缺乏胁迫做出反应，从而希望提供类似于人类高血压的疾病治疗的理论基础。盐胁迫下有11个miRNA和13个mRNA，缺水胁迫下有0个lncRNA，18个miRNA和14个mRNA。通过数据分析，提出了有关盐和水分缺乏胁迫的转录后调控反应途径，包括通过miR-193b，miR-542-5p相互作用防止钠进入细胞，净化水和补偿中性氨基酸。 SLC6A19 mRNA。基于抗性相关的lncRNA，miRNA和mRNA，我们提出了转录后调控途径来首次解释骆驼如何在肾皮质的ncRNA调控水平中对盐分和水分缺乏胁迫做出反应，从而希望提供类似于人类高血压的疾病治疗的理论基础。通过数据分析，提出了有关盐和水分缺乏胁迫的转录后调控反应途径，包括通过miR-193b，miR-542-5p相互作用防止钠进入细胞，净化水和补偿中性氨基酸。 SLC6A19 mRNA。基于抗性相关的lncRNA，miRNA和mRNA，我们提出了转录后调控途径来首次解释骆驼如何在肾皮质的ncRNA调控水平中对盐分和水分缺乏胁迫做出反应，从而希望提供类似于人类高血压的疾病治疗的理论基础。通过数据分析，提出了转录后调控对盐和缺水胁迫的响应途径，包括通过miR-193b，miR-542-5p相互作用防止钠进入细胞，净化水和补偿中性氨基酸。 SLC6A19 mRNA。基于抗性相关的lncRNA，miRNA和mRNA，我们提出了转录后调控途径来首次解释骆驼如何在肾皮质的ncRNA调控水平中对盐分和水分缺乏胁迫做出反应，从而希望提供类似于人类高血压的疾病治疗的理论基础。miR-193b，miR-542-5p与SLC6A19 mRNA的相互作用纯化水并补偿中性氨基酸。基于抗性相关的lncRNA，miRNA和mRNA，我们提出了转录后调控途径来首次解释骆驼如何在肾皮质的ncRNA调控水平中对盐分和水分缺乏胁迫做出反应，从而希望提供类似于人类高血压的疾病治疗的理论基础。miR-193b，miR-542-5p与SLC6A19 mRNA的相互作用纯化水并补偿中性氨基酸。基于抗性相关的lncRNA，miRNA和mRNA，我们提出了转录后调控途径来首次解释骆驼如何在肾皮质的ncRNA调控水平中对盐分和水分缺乏胁迫做出反应，从而希望提供类似于人类高血压的疾病治疗的理论基础。