Genomic data is crucial in the understanding of many diseases and for the guidance of medical treatments. Pharmacogenomics and cancer genomics are just two areas in precision medicine of rapidly growing utilization. At the same time, whole-genome sequencing costs are plummeting below $ 1000, meaning that a rapid growth in full-genome data storage requirements is foreseeable. While privacy protection of genomic data is receiving growing attention, integrity protection of this long-lived and highly sensitive data much less so.We consider a scenario inspired by future pharmacogenomics, in which a patient’s genome data is stored over a long time period while random parts of it are periodically accessed by authorized parties such as doctors and clinicians. A protection scheme is described that preserves integrity of the genomic data in that scenario over a time horizon of 100 years. During such a long time period, cryptographic schemes will potentially break and therefore our scheme allows to update the integrity protection. Furthermore, integrity of parts of the genomic data can be verified without compromising the privacy of the remaining data. Finally, a performance evaluation and cost projection shows that privacy-preserving long-term integrity protection of genomic data is resource demanding, but in reach of current and future hardware technology and has negligible costs of storage.

中文翻译：

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基因组数据的长期完整性保护

基因组数据对于理解许多疾病和指导医学治疗至关重要。药物基因组学和癌症基因组学只是快速发展利用的精密医学中的两个领域。同时，全基因组测序的成本正在暴跌至1000美元以下，这意味着可预见的是，全基因组数据存储需求将快速增长。虽然基因组数据的隐私保护受到越来越多的关注，但是对于这种长期存在且高度敏感的数据的完整性保护就显得那么少。其中的一部分会定期由授权方（例如医生和临床医生）访问。描述了一种保护方案，该方案可以在100年的时间范围内保留该方案中的基因组数据的完整性。在如此长的时间内，密码方案可能会崩溃，因此我们的方案允许更新完整性保护。此外，可以验证基因组数据各部分的完整性，而不会损害其余数据的隐私性。最后，性能评估和成本预测表明，对基因组数据进行隐私保护的长期完整性保护对资源的要求很高，但是在当前和将来的硬件技术范围内，存储成本可以忽略不计。可以验证基因组数据各部分的完整性，而不会损害其余数据的隐私性。最后，性能评估和成本预测表明，对基因组数据进行隐私保护的长期完整性保护对资源的要求很高，但是在当前和将来的硬件技术范围内，存储成本可以忽略不计。可以验证基因组数据各部分的完整性，而不会损害其余数据的隐私性。最后，性能评估和成本预测表明，对基因组数据进行隐私保护的长期完整性保护对资源的要求很高，但是在当前和将来的硬件技术范围内，存储成本可以忽略不计。