Wax deposition is a common problem in oil pipelines and production systems. In this study, impact of water cut, mixing rate, chemical inhibitor, and time on wax deposition were investigated in a cold finger setup. Effect of different chemical inhibitors on wax appearance temperature (WAT) was studied using viscometry and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Results suggested that WAT reduced with increasing inhibitor concentration, with 800 ppm being the optimum. Also, chloroform–toluene–ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) mixture with 30, 30, and 40 wt% had the highest performance and reduced the WAT to 16.7 °C. Mixtures of toluene—EVA with acetone, p-xylene, and disulfide oil (DSO), followed next. Moreover, deposition decreased with increasing temperature difference between oil and pipe at constant cold surface temperature and increased upon increasing temperature difference at constant oil temperature. Wax deposition in two-phase system was lower than in single-phase system, but increased by increasing water cut. EVA–toluene, 2 wt% DSO, 2 wt% acetone, and 2 wt% p-xylene mixtures reduced the deposition to 23.33, 21.71, 32.14, and 12.5%, but addition of 2 wt% of EVA–DSO–acetone mixture reduced deposition to 35.74%. At similar operating conditions, flow turbulence has greater impact on reducing wax deposition, and its effect is enhanced using a proper inhibitor.

中文翻译：

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从蜡质油混合物中沉积蜡的实验研究

蜡沉积是输油管道和生产系统中的常见问题。在这项研究中，在冷手指环境下研究了含水率，混合速率，化学抑制剂和时间对蜡沉积的影响。使用粘度和差示扫描量热技术研究了不同化学抑制剂对蜡样温度（WAT）的影响。结果表明，随着抑制剂浓度的增加，WAT降低，最佳浓度为800 ppm。同样，具有30、30和40 wt％的氯仿-甲苯-乙烯乙酸乙烯酯（EVA）混合物具有最高的性能，并将WAT降低至16.7°C。接下来是甲苯-EVA与丙酮，对二甲苯和二硫化油（DSO）的混合物。此外，在恒定的冷表面温度下，沉积物随油和管道之间的温差的增加而减少，而在恒定的油温下，温度差的增加则使沉积增加。两相系统中的蜡沉积量比单相系统中的低，但随着含水量的增加而增加。EVA-甲苯，2 wt％的DSO，2 wt％的丙酮和2 wt％的对二甲苯混合物将沉积减少到23.33、21.71、32.14和12.5％，但添加2 wt％的EVA-DSO-丙酮混合物减少了沉积至35.74％。在类似的运行条件下，湍流对减少蜡沉积具有更大的影响，使用适当的抑制剂可以增强其效果。2 wt％的DSO，2 wt％的丙酮和2 wt％的对二甲苯混合物将沉积减少到23.33、21.71、32.14和12.5％，但是添加2 wt％的EVA-DSO-丙酮混合物将沉积减少到35.74％ 。在类似的运行条件下，湍流对减少蜡沉积具有更大的影响，使用适当的抑制剂可以增强其效果。2 wt％的DSO，2 wt％的丙酮和2 wt％的对二甲苯混合物将沉积减少到23.33、21.71、32.14和12.5％，但是添加2 wt％的EVA-DSO-丙酮混合物将沉积减少到35.74％ 。在类似的运行条件下，湍流对减少蜡沉积具有更大的影响，使用适当的抑制剂可以增强其效果。