The past decade has seen a steady transitioning from a framework where the State has been the provider of production-oriented agricultural services to a ‘user pays’ philosophy that emphasises the role of the private sector in the provision of these services -- even in agricultural biosecurity which has been historically considered a public good.

This paper analyses the contours of public private collaborations in agricultural biosecurity services in the context of an emergency outbreak of Panama disease Tropical Race 4. We ask: does the transition to a market-led, industry-led approach shift perceptions on who should bear the burden for addressing Panama disease risk, and to what extent does it influence risk decisions taken by the different actors and stakeholders during an agricultural biosecurity emergency?

Using data from field work carried out primarily in Brisbane, Australia in July 2015, as well as a review and content analysis of documents obtained from Australian government instrumentalities and research organizations, such as policy briefs, some themes emerge. The first is that while Australia’s biosecurity plant disease strategy clearly shows coordination, there are still gaps in service delivery, such as delayed response time. Secondly, the industry-driven R&D system still finds itself navigating tensions between responding to the direct and immediate needs of the industry and supporting more long-term and explorative research trajectories. Thirdly, while there appears to be a greater trust in industry than in government in rapid emergency response, both the growers and the peak industry body want more, not less, government biosecurity regulation.

在过去的十年中，从国家一直以生产为导向的农业服务提供者的框架稳步过渡到强调“由用户付费”的哲学，即强调私营部门在提供这些服务中的作用，甚至在农业方面。生物安全性在历史上一直被视为公益。

本文分析了在巴拿马疾病热带第四种族紧急爆发的背景下，农业生物安全服务领域公私合作的轮廓。我们问：向市场主导，行业主导的转变是否会改变人们对谁应承担的责任的认识。解决巴拿马疾病风险的负担，在农业生物安全紧急情况下，它在多大程度上影响了不同参与者和利益相关者做出的风险决策？

利用2015年7月主要在澳大利亚布里斯班进行的实地调查数据，以及对澳大利亚政府机构和研究组织提供的文件进行的审查和内容分析（例如政策简介），出现了一些主题。首先是，尽管澳大利亚的生物安全植物病害战略清楚地表明了协调性，但服务提供方面仍然存在差距，例如响应时间延迟。其次，由行业驱动的研发系统仍然发现自己在应对行业的直接和即时需求与支持更多长期和探索性研究轨迹之间处于导航紧张状态。第三，在快速的应急响应中，对工业的信任似乎比对政府的信任更大，但种植者和高峰工业团体都希望更多而不是更少，