We ask if and when religious individuals self-enhance more than non-believers. First, religious individuals self-enhance on domains central to their self-concept. Specifically, they exhibit the Better-Than-Average Effect: They rate themselves as superior on attributes painting them as good Christians (e.g. traits like 'loving' or 'forgiving,' Biblical commandments) than on control attributes. Likewise, they exhibit the Overclaiming Effect: They assert superior, but false, knowledge on domains highly relevant to religiosity (e.g. international health charities, humanitarian aid organizations) than on control domains. Second, religious individuals self-enhance strongly in religious (than secular) cultures, which elevate religion to a social value. Finally, Christians may self-enhance in general, perhaps due to their conviction that they have a special relationship with God.

中文翻译：

---

宗教人士会自我提升吗？

我们询问宗教人士是否以及何时比非信徒更能自我提升。首先，宗教人士在其自我概念的核心领域进行自我提升。具体来说，他们表现出优于平均水平的效应：他们认为自己在将自己描绘成好基督徒的属性（例如“爱”或“宽恕”、圣经诫命等特征）方面优于控制属性。同样，他们表现出过度声明效应：他们声称在与宗教高度相关的领域（例如国际健康慈善机构、人道主义援助组织）上的知识优于控制领域，但却是错误的。其次，宗教个体在宗教（而非世俗）文化中强烈地自我提升，这将宗教提升为社会价值。最后，基督徒一般可以自我提升，