In this article we review interactions and collective behavior of inclusions in free-standing smectic films with in-plane orientational ordering. The inclusions interact on large distances and can form various self-organised structures. Topological defects of the director field play a key role in self-organization. Various types of interaction are realized, including dipolar, quadrupolar and interactions of mixed type. We describe different approaches which can be used to modify the interaction of inclusions. Effects of polarity and chirality of the host medium, behavior in external field are discussed. We describe open problems and perspective directions of investigations.

在本文中，我们以平面取向顺序回顾了独立近晶膜中夹杂物的相互作用和集体行为。夹杂物在远距离上相互作用并且可以形成各种自组织的结构。Director领域的拓扑缺陷在自组织中起着关键作用。实现了各种类型的相互作用，包括偶极，四极和混合类型的相互作用。我们描述了可用于修改夹杂物相互作用的不同方法。讨论了基质的极性和手性的影响，以及在外场中的行为。我们描述了开放的问题和调查的前景方向。