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Agentive versus non-agentive motions immediately influence event apprehension and description: an eye-tracking study in a VOS language
Journal of East Asian Linguistics ( IF 0.346 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s10831-020-09205-9
Manami Sato , Keiyu Niikuni , Amy J. Schafer , Masatoshi Koizumi

The embodied cognition hypothesis postulates that human cognition is fundamentally grounded in our experience of interacting with the physical world (Barsalou in Behav Brain Sci 22:577–609, 1999). Research has shown bi-directional associations between physical action and the processes of understanding language: language comprehension seems to activate implied visual and motor components (Zwaan and Taylor in J Exp Psychol Gen 135(1):1–11, 2006), and action behavior seems to facilitate the comprehension of associated action-language (Beilock et al. in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:13269–13273, 2008). Although numerous research studies have reported a link between action and language comprehension, the exact nature of their association remains subject to debate (Chatterjee in Lang Cognit 2:79–116, 2010). Moreover, the role of action in the production of language is under-explored, as are general language production processes in Austronesian languages. The endangered Austronesian language Truku provides typological patterns that are both under-examined in psycholinguistic research and informative for questions of language production. Truku allows flexibility in the relative location of verbs versus arguments in sentence production, and uses a symmetrical voice system that marks the prominence of different participants in an event. Working with native speakers of Truku, we tested whether performing physical motions immediately affects the conceptual saliency of the components represented in a to-be-described event in ways that guide speakers’ visual attention and shape their utterance formulation. More specifically, we investigated whether speakers’ engagement as an agent or patient in a non-speech physical action affects initial eye-fixations on agent versus patient participants in a visual scene, as well as word order and grammatical voice choices in the speakers’ descriptions of simple transitive events. The results revealed significant effects of physical action on the relative location and prominence of agents in subsequent sentence formulation, and on online patterns of eye fixations. These results provide further support for language-action connections in cognitive processing, and shed light on the cross-linguistic patterns of sentence production.

中文翻译:

主动与非主动运动会立即影响事件的理解和描述:以VOS语言进行的眼动研究

所体现的认知假说假设,人类认知从根本上基于我们与自然世界互动的经验(Barhalou in Behav Brain Sci 22:577-609,1999)。研究表明,身体动作与理解语言的过程之间存在双向关联:语言理解似乎会激活隐含的视觉和运动成分(Zwaan和Taylor在J Exp Psychol Gen 135(1):1-11,2006年发表)和动作行为似乎有助于理解相关的动作语言(Beilock等人,Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:13269–13273,2008)。尽管许多研究报告了行动与语言理解之间的联系,但它们的联系的确切性质仍需争论(Chatterjee in Lang Cognit 2:79–116,2010)。此外,行动在语言产生中的作用以及南斯拉夫语系语言中的一般语言产生过程均未得到充分研究。濒临灭绝的南岛语言Truku提供了类型学模式,这种模式既在心理语言学研究中未得到充分研究,又在语言产生问题上提供了有益的信息。Truku允许在句子生成中动词与自变量的相对位置灵活,并使用对称的语音系统来标记事件中不同参与者的突出地位。我们与Truku的母语使用者合作,测试了进行肢体动作是否会立即影响到将要描述的事件中所代表的组件的概念上的显着性,从而引导说话者的视觉注意力并塑造其说话方式。进一步来说,我们调查了说话人以代理人或病人的身份进行非言语肢体动作是否会影响到视场中代理人与病人参与者的初始视线,以及说话人在描述简单可及性时的语序和语法语音选择事件。结果表明,在后续句子的形成过程中,物理动作对代理的相对位置和突出程度以及在线注视方式有显着影响。这些结果为认知加工中的语言-动作联系提供了进一步的支持,并为句子产生的跨语言模式提供了启示。以及说话人对简单传递事件的描述中的单词顺序和语法语音选择。结果表明,在后续句子的形成过程中,物理动作对代理的相对位置和突出程度以及在线注视方式有显着影响。这些结果为认知加工中的语言-动作联系提供了进一步的支持,并为句子产生的跨语言模式提供了启示。以及说话人对简单传递事件的描述中的单词顺序和语法语音选择。结果表明,在后续句子的形成过程中,物理动作对代理的相对位置和突出程度以及在线注视方式有显着影响。这些结果为认知加工中的语言-动作联系提供了进一步的支持,并为句子产生的跨语言模式提供了启示。
更新日期:2020-03-12
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