There is increasing evidence that cash transfer (CT) programs decrease intimate partner violence (IPV); however, little is known about how CTs achieve this impact. We conducted a mixed method review of studies in low- and middle-income countries. Fourteen quantitative and nine qualitative studies met our inclusion criteria, of which eleven and six respectively demonstrated evidence that CTs decrease IPV. We found little support for increases in IPV, with only two studies showing overall mixed or adverse impacts. Drawing on these studies, as well as related bodies of evidence, we developed a program theory proposing three pathways through which CT could impact IPV: 1) Economic security and emotional wellbeing, 2) intra-household conflict, and 3) women’s empowerment. The economic security and wellbeing pathway hypothesizes decreases in IPV, while the other two pathways have ambiguous effects depending on program design features and behavioural responses to program components. Future studies should improve IPV measurement, empirical analysis of program mechanisms, and fill regional gaps. Program framing and complementary activities, including those with the ability to shift intra-household power relations are likely to be important design features for understanding how to maximize and leverage the impact of CTs for reducing IPV, and mitigating potential adverse impacts.

中文翻译：

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中低收入国家现金转移和亲密伴侣暴力的混合方法评估

越来越多的证据表明，现金转移（CT）计划减少了亲密伴侣的暴力行为（IPV）；但是，对于CT如何实现这种影响知之甚少。我们对中低收入国家的研究进行了混合方法审查。14项定量和9项定性研究符合我们的纳入标准，其中11项和6项分别证明CT降低IPV。我们发现很少有人支持IPV的提高，只有两项研究显示出总体的综合或不利影响。借助这些研究以及相关证据，我们开发了一种程序论，提出了CT可以影响IPV的三种途径：1）经济安全和情感健康，2）家庭内部冲突和3）妇女赋权。假设经济安全和福祉途径的IPV下降，而其他两种途径则具有模糊的影响，具体取决于程序的设计功能和对程序组件的行为响应。未来的研究应改善IPV的衡量，对计划机制的实证分析，并填补区域空白。计划框架和补充活动，包括那些有能力改变家庭内部权力关系的活动，可能是重要的设计特征，有助于理解如何最大程度地利用CT的影响来减少IPV并减轻潜在的不利影响。