Abstract:Peer nominations and teacher ratings were used to examine age and sex differences in behaviors associated with perceived coolness during middle childhood. Participants were 470 students in Grades 1, 3, and 5. Participants nominated peers whom they perceived as cool; separate scores were calculated for same-sex coolness and cross-sex coolness (i.e., cool nominations received from same-sex and cross-sex classmates, respectively). Teachers reported on children's prosocial and aggressive behavior. Behavior–coolness associations differed by (a) sex of the target child, (b) age of the target child, and (c) sex of the perceiving child. Most notably, aggressive behavior positively predicted cross-sex coolness for girls (not boys) and for students in Grades 3 and 5 (not Grade 1). Results underscore the value of disaggregating peer nominations by sex. Discussion builds upon the literature on perceived coolness and popularity, which has drawn disproportionately from adolescent samples.

中文翻译：

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同性和异性同伴的知觉：童年中期感知凉爽的行为相关

摘要：使用同伴提名和教师评分来检验与童年时期感觉凉爽相关的行为的年龄和性别差异。参加者分别是1年级，3年级和5年级的470名学生。针对同性冷静和异性冷静分别计算分数（即分别从同性和异性同班同学那里获得酷炫提名）。老师们报告了儿童的亲社会行为和攻击行为。行为与冷静的关联因（a）目标儿童的性别，（b）目标儿童的年龄和（c）感知儿童的性别而异。最明显的是，攻击性行为积极预测女孩（非男孩）和3年级和5年级（非1年级）学生的跨性别凉爽。结果强调了按性别细分同伴提名的价值。讨论建立在关于感觉凉爽和受欢迎程度的文献基础上，这些文献不成比例地来自青少年样本。