INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | JUNE 2020 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v39i2.12367 Kevin Ford (kevinford@loc.gov) is Librarian, Linked Data Specialist in the Library of Congress’s Network Development and MARC Standards Office. He works on the Library’s Bibframe Initiative, and similar projects, such as MADS/RDF, and is a member of the ITAL Editorial Board. The ideas and opinions expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of his employer. “Ontologies” are popular in library land. “Vocabularies” are popular too, but it seems that the library profession prefers “ontologies” over “vocabularies” when it comes to defining classes and properties that attempt to encapsulate some realm of knowledge. Bibframe, MADS/RDF, BIBO, PREMIS, and FRBR are well-known “ontologies” in use in the library community. They were defined either by librarians or to be used mainly in the library space, or both. SKOS, FOAF, Dublin Core, and Schema are well known “vocabularies.” They are used widely by libraries though none were created by librarians or specifically for library use. In all cases, those ontologies and vocabularies were created for the very purpose of publication for broader use, which is one of the primary objectives behind creating one: to define a common set of metadata elements to facilitate the description and sharing of data within a group or groups of users.

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信息技术和图书馆| 2020年6月https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v39i2.12367 Kevin Ford（kevinford@loc.gov）是图书馆员，是国会图书馆网络开发和MARC标准办公室的链接数据专家。他在图书馆的Bibframe计划以及类似的项目（例如MADS / RDF）中工作，并且是ITAL编辑委员会的成员。这里表达的想法和观点是作者的，不一定反映雇主的观点。“本体”在图书馆领域很流行。“词汇”也很流行，但是在定义试图封装某些知识领域的类和属性时，图书馆界似乎更喜欢“本体”而不是“词汇”。Bibframe，MADS / RDF，BIBO，PREMIS和FRBR是图书馆界使用的知名“本体”。它们是由馆员定义的，或主要在图书馆空间中使用的，或两者都有。SKOS，FOAF，Dublin Core和Schema是众所周知的“词汇”。它们虽然没有被图书馆员创建，也没有专门为图书馆使用而被图书馆广泛使用。在所有情况下，创建这些本体和词汇都是为了更广泛地使用，这是创建一个本体和词汇的主要目的之一：定义一组通用的元数据元素，以促进在一个组内描述和共享数据或用户组。