ABSTRACT

Sex differences in the brain are widely studied, but results are often inconsistent and it is assumed that many negative findings are not even being reported. The lack of consistent findings might be based on the highly questionable assumption of a clear-cut sexual dimorphism in brain structure and function, that underlies commonly used group comparisons between males and females. Without having to rely on this assumption, state of the art statistical learning methods based on large neuroimaging data sets might offer the tools necessary to disentangle the complex pattern of sex-related variations in brain structure and organization.

中文翻译：

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大脑中的性别差异：不仅仅是男性或女性

摘要

大脑中的性别差异被广泛研究，但结果往往不一致，并且假设许多负面发现甚至没有被报道。缺乏一致的发现可能是基于大脑结构和功能中明确的性别二态性这一高度可疑的假设，这是男性和女性之间常用的组比较的基础。不必依赖于这个假设，基于大型神经影像数据集的最先进的统计学习方法可能会提供必要的工具来解开大脑结构和组织中与性别相关的变化的复杂模式。