If there are any charitable, philanthropic, or welfare-state activities in the de-facto states of insurgent armies, they are generally interpreted in terms of utilitarian motives and the self-legitimation of military elites and their business associates. However, development and philanthropy in the Wa State of Myanmar have more extensive purposes. We argue that a framing of care rather than of governance allows for ethnographic attention to emerging social relations and subject positions – “our people”, “the vulnerable”, and “the poor”. In this article we describe “communities of care” by analysing public donations, development assistance and independent philanthropy in the Wa State as categories of care that each follow a different moral logic, respond to different needs, and connect different actors and recipients. Zooming in on the ways in which communities of care re-produce moral subjectivities and political authority allows a re-imagining of everyday politics in the de-facto states of armed groups, no longer wedded to notions of control, legitimacy, and “rebel governance”.

中文翻译：

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关怀社区：缅甸佤邦的公共捐赠、发展援助和独立慈善事业

如果在叛乱军队的事实上的国家中存在任何慈善、慈善或福利国家活动，它们通常被解释为功利主义动机以及军事精英及其商业伙伴的自我合法化。然而，缅甸佤邦的发展和慈善事业有更广泛的用途。我们认为，关怀而非治理的框架允许对新兴的社会关系和主体地位——“我们的人民”、“弱势群体”和“穷人”——进行民族志关注。在本文中，我们通过分析佤邦的公共捐赠、发展援助和独立慈善事业来描述“关怀社区”，这些关怀类别均遵循不同的道德逻辑，响应不同的需求，并连接不同的参与者和接受者。