The small island of Manono, positioned between 'Upolu and Savai'i in the Samoan Archipelago, is known in oral traditions of West Polynesia as having had an important political role during the immediate pre-Christian period. An archaeological programme carried out between 2012 and 2015 has mainly concentrated on the mapping of parts of the northern half of the island, around Salua Village. This has allowed us to study in detail a portion of the slope as well as the central plateau of Manono, known to preserve a star mound first mapped in the 1960s during the large-scale programme organised under the direction of R.C. Green and J.M. Davidson. Our mapping of the 9ha fortified ridge has identified another 13 star mounds of different shapes and types, representing the largest concentration of this specifically Samoan layout known to date in this part of the archipelago. These are associated with another two structures of distinctively Tongan typology, referred to as 'sia heu lupe'. Initially we present the general settlement pattern of the northern part of Manono Island. This is followed by a review of the main characteristics of the 14 mapped star mounds and data on their chronology. The diversity of size, height and number of arms is addressed, showing significant differences in work expenditure between individual platforms. This variability is best illustrated by the identification of three star mounds that lack central fill and are only recognised as wild pigeon-snaring structures by the presence of raised branches/arms. Finally, the Manono settlement pattern data are positioned in relation to the larger study of the pre-Christian history of Samoa.

中文翻译：

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马诺诺岛的萨摩亚人定居模式和星丘

位于萨摩亚群岛'Upolu和Savai'i之间的马诺诺小岛，在西波里尼西亚的口述传统中众所周知，在基督教前不久即具有重要的政治作用。2012年至2015年期间执行的考古计划主要集中在岛上北半部Salua村周围的地图上。这使我们能够详细研究部分坡度以及Manono的中央高原，该高原被保存下来是在RC Green和JM Davidson的指导下组织的大规模计划中，该土丘最初于1960年代绘制的。我们对9ha防御性山脊的地图确定了另外13个形状和类型不同的恒星丘，代表着迄今为止在群岛这一地区迄今已知的萨摩亚特别布局的最大集中度。这些与同汤加类型的另外两个结构相关，被称为“ sia heu lupe”。最初，我们介绍了马诺诺岛北部的一般居住模式。接下来是对14个映射的星丘的主要特征及其年代数据的回顾。解决了尺寸，高度和臂数的多样性，显示了各个平台之间工作支出的显着差异。可以通过识别三颗缺少中央填充物的星丘来最好地说明这种变化，因为它们只有凸起的树枝/树枝才可以识别为野鸽咆哮的结构。最后，