The Council of Indonesian Islamic Scholars (MUI) has exerted increased political influence in Indonesian politics since the fall of Suharto. Constituted by representatives from various Muslim civil society organizations, the council was originally intended by Suharto to serve as a political representative for Indonesia’s two largest civil society organizations, the Muhammadiyah and the Nahdlatul Ulama. This article argues that in addition to its own non-democratic structures and its fatwas opposing democratic values, the MUI has contributed to Indonesia’s democratic stagnation and decline in two ways: by undermining the authority of elected state representatives through its anti-pluralist stance and its epistocratic claims, and by imperiling the fragile but functioning balance of religion and the state through its undermining of long-established religious civil society organizations.

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印度尼西亚的民主衰落：宗教当局的作用

自苏哈托倒台以来，印度尼西亚伊斯兰学者理事会（MUI）在印度尼西亚政治中发挥了越来越大的政治影响力。该委员会由来自各种穆斯林民间社会组织的代表组成，最初由苏哈托打算作为印度尼西亚最大的两个民间社会组织穆罕默迪亚和民族团结党的政治代表。本文认为，除了其自身的非民主结构及其反对民主价值观的教令外，MUI 还通过两种方式导致了印度尼西亚的民主停滞和衰落：通过其反多元主义立场和破坏民选代表的权威。权威的主张，