The information skills and technology use of 3,159 Finnish 12–22-year-old students were examined in this study. Data were collected using the combination of a usage habit questionnaire and a performancebased test that measured their skills when choosing a medium to seek information, defining search queries, and selecting and evaluating search results. On average, these students’ information skills were found to be insufficient. Particularly, students failed in creating search phrases, and they tended to concentrate on content relevance at the expense of source reliability. Versatility of technology use was found to be the most prominent predictor of students’ information skills. Education level also had an increasing effect on information skills, whereas age alone, within separate education levels, did not have the same effect. Self-efficacy was found to be associated only with male students’ information skills. Gender had no direct effect on information skills; rather it was identified as a moderator for the ongoing relationship between information skills and technology use.

中文翻译：

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芬兰基础和中等教育学生的信息技能：年龄、性别、教育水平、自我效能和技术使用的作用

本研究调查了 3,159 名芬兰 12-22 岁学生的信息技能和技术使用情况。使用习惯问卷和基于绩效的测试相结合收集数据，这些测试衡量了他们在选择媒体查找信息、定义搜索查询以及选择和评估搜索结果时的技能。平均而言，这些学生的信息技能被发现不足。特别是，学生在创建搜索短语方面失败，他们倾向于以牺牲来源可靠性为代价专注于内容相关性。发现技术使用的多功能性是学生信息技能最突出的预测因素。教育水平对信息技能的影响也越来越大，而在不同的教育水平内，仅年龄并没有产生同样的影响。发现自我效能仅与男学生的信息技能有关。性别对信息技能没有直接影响；相反，它被确定为信息技能和技术使用之间持续关系的调节器。