Many athletes are using specii¬c techniques to minimize fatigue and accelerate recovery processes. Cold water immersion (CWI) is one of the most popular interventions used by athletes to potentially return to their pre-fatigue performance level. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CWI on anaerobic performance, balance and muscle activation of female karateka after a simulated match. 15 young female karateka (age: 18.7±1.7 years, body mass: 55.5±6.3 kg, height:165±5.1 cm) with at least three years' experience in karate kumite fighting were included in the study. After three round 3-minute competition, participants were grouped into a CWI group (20 min at 12±1°C) and a control group (CTL). Anaerobic power (30 s Wingate test), and dynamic balance (Star-Excursion test) were measured before the competition and 24 h after intervention. Surface electromyography (EMG) was sampled from quadriceps femoris muscles. Peak normalized muscle activation levels and force were identified during maximal isometric test. A significant decrease in the anaerobic performance after the competition was observed for both groups (p<0.05). CWI were effective in enhancing the anaerobic performance after competition compared with the CTL. Dynamic balance decreased for two groups, although CWI resulted in the smallest reduction in balance. There was a significant difference in peak and mean RMS values of the EMG in Rectus Femoris but not Vastus muscles after the CWI intervention when compared to CTL (p<0.05). CWI improve recovery related to dynamic balance and anaerobic performance of karate kumite fighter. It can be concluded that CWI appears to promote muscle activation and reduce fatigue that is related to better performance in 24 hours post intervention.

中文翻译：

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空手道搏击女子空手道搏击后冷水浸没对无氧能力，动态平衡和肌肉活化的影响

许多运动员正在使用特定的技术来最大程度地减少疲劳并加速恢复过程。冷水浸入（CWI）是运动员用来使他们恢复到疲劳前表现水平的最受欢迎的干预措施之一。本研究的目的是研究模拟比赛后CWI对雌性空手道无氧运动，平衡和肌肉激活的影响。15名年轻女性空手道（年龄：18.7±1.7岁，体重：55.5±6.3千克，身高：165±5.1厘米），至少有三年空手道搏击手风筝战斗经验。经过三轮3分钟的比赛，参与者被分为CWI组（在12±1°C下20分钟）和一个对照组（CTL）。无氧能力（30秒Wingate测试），比赛前和干预后24小时分别测量运动平衡和动态平衡（Star-Excursion测试）。从股四头肌肌肉采样表面肌电图（EMG）。在最大等轴测过程中确定了峰值标准化肌肉激活水平和力量。两组比赛后的厌氧表现均明显下降（p <0.05）。与CTL相比，CWI在提高比赛后的厌氧性能方面是有效的。尽管CWI导致平衡的减少最小，但两组的动态平衡有所降低。与CTL相比，经CWI干预后，直肌的EMG峰值和平均RMS值存在显着差异，而Vastus肌肉则无此差异（p <0.05）。CWI改善了与空手道铝矾土战斗机的动态平衡和厌氧性能有关的恢复能力。可以得出结论，CWI似乎可以促进肌肉活化和减少疲劳，这与干预后24小时的更好表现有关。