Abstract Since the Age of Discovery, large amounts of knowledge regarding foreign lands spread to Europe, and the tradition of writing world history based on the Bible came under attack. How to organize knowledge of foreign lands into a world history became a question of keen interest to historians in the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries. In this context, encyclopedic world history writing became an important trend. The multi-author, multi-volume Universal History published in eighteenth-century Britain was an example of this trend. The books were wildly popular for a time, with intellectual circles fighting to read them. They also won the praise of many notable members of society. A century later, however, the same set of books came under scholarly criticism, eventually becoming marginalized in the historiographical literature. The fall of Universal History was not an isolated case, but rather a reflection of modern history’s professionalization, changing academic trends, and a shift in historical consciousness. That is, there was a break between the past and the present, and thus history changed from the magistra vitae one could draw lessons from into an object of research.

中文翻译：

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传统的衰落：萨勒世界历史的命运变化和现代欧洲史学的转变

摘要自发现时代以来，有关外国土地的大量知识传播到欧洲，以圣经为基础书写世界历史的传统受到了攻击。在十六到十八世纪，如何将外国土地的知识组织到世界历史中成为历史学家的浓厚兴趣。在这种情况下，百科全书世界历史写作成为一种重要趋势。在18世纪的英国出版的多作者，多卷《世界历史》就是这种趋势的一个例子。一段时间以来，这些书大受欢迎，知识分子竭力阅读。他们还赢得了许多社会知名人士的称赞。然而，一个世纪后，同一套书籍遭到学术界的批评，最终在史学文献中被边缘化。普遍历史的衰落不是一个孤立的案例，而是现代历史专业化，学术趋势变化和历史意识转变的反映。就是说，过去与现在之间有一段休假，因此历史从一个伟大的简历中可以吸取教训，变成了研究的对象。