Irina Surat examines the poetry written during Osip Mandelstam’s two years of exile in Voronezh, finding that its precise evocations of space provide the terms that can be used to analyze the poems. This helps Mandelstam to address exile as a personal experience and a poetic trope, as well as to assert imaginatively his connections with the wider world—both in Soviet space and farther afield. Geography (taken through the filter of Dante’s Inferno, etc.) expresses the poetic connections that support his internal freedom, moving (as Surat puts it) from real space into an open space of imagination.

中文翻译：

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压缩到一点的空间语言

伊琳娜·苏拉特（Irina Surat）考察了奥西普·曼德尔斯坦（Osip Mandelstam）在沃罗涅日（Voronezh）流亡两年期间写的诗歌，发现其对空间的精确唤起提供了可用于分析诗歌的术语。这有助于曼德斯塔姆将流亡作为个人经历和诗意的笔触来解决，并以富有想象力的方式断言他与更广阔世界的联系-无论是在苏联太空还是更遥远的地方。地理（通过但丁的《地狱》等过滤器）表达了支持他内部自由的诗意联系，（如苏拉特所说）从真实空间转变为想象的开放空间。