The issue of substitutability between various modes of import protection has been studied by economists in various ways. Since President Donald Trump came into office and soon started imposing tariffs, the need by US firms to file antidumping (AD) cases would seem to have been reduced. We explain quarterly US AD filings, based on data from 1995 through 2016, and then predict US AD petitions for 2017 and 2018. We reject a hypothesis of substitution away from AD in the Trump era of general protectionism, but do find some support for the notion that protection moves downstream, with greater than predicted AD filings in downstream metals sectors.

中文翻译：

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美国的反倾销案是否被其他形式的保护主义所挤出？

经济学家已经以各种方式研究了各种进口保护方式之间的可替代性问题。自从唐纳德·特朗普总统上任并很快开始征收关税以来，美国公司提起反倾销（AD）案件的需求似乎已经减少。我们根据1995年至2016年的数据对美国AD申请进行季度解释，然后预测2017年和2018年美国AD申请。我们否认特朗普在一般贸易保护主义时代从AD取代替代品的假设，但确实找到了支持这一点的支持。认为保护措施向下游转移，下游金属部门的反倾销备案数量超出预期。