This paper takes a holistic approach to the data for rural hinterlands in the Black Sea region in the fourth century BCE to reveal pan-Black Sea patterning, importantly including the southern coast and the territory of ancient Sinope. During a period of dynamic mobility and prosperity, the rural hinterlands of Greek settlements around the Black Sea expanded in ways that demonstrate significant regional commonalities in terms of increased settlement, intensified agricultural infrastructure, new connections via road and path networks and the inclusion of dependent territories beyond the traditional chora. Decisions to expand rural territory and intensify agricultural production were taken at the local level, but this patterning demonstrates that such developments were also a response to the dynamics of Black Sea economic and political networks. The associated increased density of occupation and connectivity in these rural hinterlands made them key facilitators of social networks, creating stronger ties between Greek settlements and other local communities, and ultimately enmeshing a more diverse group of people within Black Sea networks.

中文翻译：

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公元前四世纪黑海的农村腹地：扩张、集约化和新联系

本文对公元前 4 世纪黑海地区农村腹地的数据进行了整体分析，以揭示泛黑海模式，重要的是包括南部海岸和古锡诺普领土。在一个充满活力的流动和繁荣时期，黑海周围希腊定居点的农村腹地以多种方式扩张，在定居点增加、农业基础设施强化、通过道路和路径网络建立新连接以及纳入附属领土等方面表现出显着的区域共同性超越了传统的乔拉。扩大农村领土和加强农业生产的决定是在地方一级做出的，但这种模式表明，这种发展也是对黑海经济和政治网络动态的反应。