Communities are increasingly confronted with disasters that bring acute and chronic challenges. Past research highlights the importance of ad hoc marketing exchange systems for expanding community resource capacities following a disaster. The current study builds on this research taking a granular look at an existing ad hoc marketing system that provided exchange services before a disaster. Prior to an earthquake, this ad hoc system built three forms of social capital—structural, cognitive, and relational—and expanded latent capacities for self-organizing and learning. Following a natural disaster, the ad hoc marketing system flexed to meet individual and community needs. Specifically, three types of learning—routine, extended routine, and improvisational—emerged mobilizing existing social capital to deliver recovery services and goods. This study highlights the delivery of recovery goods and services as an ad hoc marketing system evolved to become a learning system during the months and years of recovery. Implications are explored for citizens, municipalities, policy makers, and businesses by highlighting the importance of building and practicing diverse forms of social capital before a disturbance so capacities can be mobilized during recovery.

社区日益面临带来严峻和长期挑战的灾难。过去的研究强调了特设的营销交流系统对于扩大灾难后社区资源能力的重要性。当前的研究是在此研究的基础上，仔细研究了在灾难发生前提供交换服务的现有临时营销系统。在地震之前，这个临时系统建立了三种社会资本形式：结构，认知和关系，并扩大了自我组织和学习的潜在能力。在自然灾害之后，临时营销系统可以灵活满足个人和社区的需求。具体来说，三种学习类型（例行学习，扩展例行学习和即兴学习）逐渐动员了现有的社会资本来提供恢复服务和商品。这项研究着重介绍了随着临时营销系统逐渐演变成在恢复的几个月和几年中成为学习系统的恢复商品和服务的交付。探索了对市民，市政当局，决策者和企业的影响，着重强调了在动乱之前建立和实践各种形式的社会资本的重要性，以便在恢复期间可以动员能力。