Abstract

The City of Los Angeles Mayor’s Office of Gang Reduction and Youth Development (GRYD) program was conceived as a comprehensive response to gang violence. Unlike most comprehensive approaches, suppression was excluded from the primary model. Program services including community engagement, gang prevention and intervention services, and street-based violence interruption, were formally launched in late 2011. Strict geographic eligibility criteria mean that GRYD services were available in some Los Angeles communities and not others. Using the geographic structure of GRYD, we use a place-based difference-in-differences model to estimate the effect of GRYD services on both violent and property crime. The analyses suggest a reduction in violent crime of around 18% in areas exposed to GRYD Comprehensive Strategy services, including aggravated assault and robbery. Similar declines are not observed in property crimes including burglary and car theft. Comparison with evaluations of placed-based gang injunctions demonstrate that GRYD is able to achieve nearly one-half of the reductions in crime without a suppression focus.

摘要

洛杉矶市长的帮派减少和青年发展办公室 (GRYD) 计划旨在全面应对帮派暴力。与大多数综合方法不同，抑制被排除在主要模型之外。包括社区参与、帮派预防和干预服务以及街头暴力中断在内的计划服务于 2011 年底正式启动。严格的地理资格标准意味着 GRYD 服务在一些洛杉矶社区可用，而在其他社区则不可用。使用 GRYD 的地理结构，我们使用基于地点的差异中的差异模型来估计 GRYD 服务对暴力和财产犯罪的影响。分析表明，在接受 GRYD 综合战略服务的地区，暴力犯罪减少了约 18%，包括严重的袭击和抢劫。在盗窃和汽车盗窃等财产犯罪中没有观察到类似的下降。与基于安置的帮派禁令评估的比较表明，GRYD 能够在没有压制重点的情况下实现近一半的犯罪减少。