ABSTRACT

This paper will elaborate the impact of social, political and economic processes on the formation and development of the pharmaceutical profession in Croatia until the end of the Second World War. Political axes and dominant economic theories shaped a complex history of interactions between the pharmaceutical profession and state structures, dramatically polarizing the profession into interest groups. The paper will focus on the conflicts which arose from disagreements between owners and employees regarding professional interests, social issues and political ideologies, that became evident with the 1914 employees’ strike in Zagreb and ended with the nationalization of all Yugoslav pharmacies after the Second World War. The main argument is that the conflict between the owners and the employees created powerful dynamics of change in the pharmaceutical profession. It induced the establishment of various class bodies and official gazettes; influenced the debates around new pharmaceutical legislation; awakened the need to establish instruments of social protection and social insurance; problematized the concession system, and ultimately led to the conversion of private pharmacies into state-owned ones. These complex processes were embedded in the quest for the unique identity of the pharmaceutical profession.

摘要

本文将详细阐述社会，政治和经济进程对克罗地亚制药业的形成和发展的影响，直到第二次世界大战结束为止。政治轴心和主导的经济理论塑造了制药行业和国家机构之间相互作用的复杂历史，极大地将制药行业分化为利益集团。本文将集中讨论由所有者和雇员之间在专业利益，社会问题和政治意识形态上的分歧所引起的冲突，这种冲突在1914年萨格勒布员工罢工中就显而易见，而在第二次世界大战后所有南斯拉夫药房被国有化结束。主要论点是，所有者和雇员之间的冲突在制药行业创造了强大的变革动力。它促使建立了各种阶级团体和官方公报；影响了有关新药品立法的辩论；意识到有必要建立社会保护和社会保险工具；特许经营体系出现问题，最终导致私人药房转变为国有药房。这些复杂的过程嵌入了对制药行业独特身份的追求中。特许经营体系出现问题，最终导致私人药房转变为国有药房。这些复杂的过程嵌入了对制药行业独特身份的追求中。特许经营体系出现问题，最终导致私人药房转变为国有药房。这些复杂的过程嵌入了对制药行业独特身份的追求中。