Archaeologists have long compared the Hohokam world of the North American Southwest to contemporary traditions in Mesoamerica and West Mexico. A degree of cultural connectivity between the Southwest and Mesoamerica is evident in similarities in public architecture, ceramic technology and design, ritual paraphernalia, and subsistence, among other qualities. Researchers commonly frame this connectivity in economic or cultural evolutionary terms that position Hohokam communities as somehow descendant from or dependent on more complexly and hierarchically organized societies far to the south. In this paper, I examine this connectivity through the lens of iconography to show that shared religious themes and archetypes were strands within the nexus. I focus on three iconographic subjects in Hohokam media—serpents, flowers, and “pipettes”—each of which materializes seemingly Mesoamerican religious concepts. From a careful consideration of the inception and breadth of each, I argue that Hohokam artisans began to portray these subjects in concert with a religious revitalization movement that drew a degree of inspiration from the south. However, while the iconography may have been new to Hohokam media, the religious themes were not. I show that the iconography references Archaic religious archetypes and cosmological principles that probably accompanied the spread of agriculture millennia before the formation of the Hohokam world. Rather than representing a new religion, I suggest Hohokam artisans materialized these long-established and unquestioned principles in novel iconographic ways as a means of naturalizing and ordaining the rapid social change that accompanied the religious revitalization movement.

长期以来，考古学家一直将北美西南部的Hohokam世界与中美洲和西墨西哥的当代传统进行了比较。在公共建筑，陶瓷技术和设计，礼仪用具和生存等方面的相似之处，可以明显看出西南地区和中美洲之间的文化联系程度。研究人员通常从经济或文化进化的角度来构架这种连通性，从而将Hohokam社区定位为某种形式的后代，或依赖于更南端的更为复杂和等级化的组织社会。在本文中，我通过肖像学的角度研究了这种连通性，以表明共同的宗教主题和原型是联系中的纽带。我主要研究Hohokam媒体中的三个图像学主题：蛇，花，和“移液器”-每个都体现了中美洲的宗教观念。在仔细考虑每个人的诞生和广度之后，我认为Hohokam的工匠开始与宗教复兴运动一起描绘这些主题，这一运动从南方汲取了一定的灵感。但是，尽管肖像画对Hohokam媒体来说可能是新事物，但宗教主题却并非如此。我的研究表明，这幅肖像画参考了Hohokam世界形成之前几千年来伴随着农业发展的古老的宗教原型和宇宙学原理。与其代表一种新的宗教，