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Exploring enduring employment discrimination in favour of British and American teachers in ‘traditional international schools’
Journal of Research in International Education Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1177/1475240920980188
Tristan Bunnell 1 , Cherry Atkinson 1
Affiliation  

Volume 2 of this journal included an article (Canterford, 2003) which discussed ‘segmented labour markets’ in ‘international schools’. Using an economics lens, that paper investigated the predominance of British and American educators, concluding that a form of discrimination existed which was driven by demand-side factors. In particular, Canterford identified a labour market dominated by British and American actors, asserting that ‘requirements discriminate very effectively against teachers from certain areas of the world.’ Our paper re-visits and advances Canterford’s discussion, and argues that not only does there still seem to be a reliance on native English-speaking Anglo-American actors in what might be described as ‘traditional international schools’, but there is a further need to move beyond economic theory towards the application of a sociological one. By applying Pierre Bourdieu’s Social Field Theory we show how positive discrimination in favour of native English-speakers from certain Western/Global North nations can occur within a discrete level of activity, creating a condition that is evident yet most often misrecognised. A complex set of doxa endures within the arena, beginning at recruitment level and continuing within curriculum-delivery and teacher-retainment levels. We show how the field in general possesses a normative belief-system that promotes division within the labour market, yet at the same time makes it seem natural, legitimate, and ‘legal’. This situation, the nomos, is a powerful, structural condition that helps make positive discrimination in favour of British and American actors seem so fundamentally normal as to remain, for the most part, unremarked. The topic still requires substantially more investigation and validation. However, by theorising it, and thus better confronting it, we can arguably begin to deal with it.

中文翻译:

探索“传统国际学校”长期存在的就业歧视,有利于英美教师

该杂志的第 2 卷包括一篇文章(Canterford,2003 年),该文章讨论了“国际学校”中的“细分劳动力市场”。该论文从经济学的角度调查了英国和美国教育工作者的主导地位,得出结论认为存在一种由需求方因素驱动的歧视形式。特别是,坎特福德确定了一个由英国和美国参与者主导的劳动力市场,声称“要求非常有效地歧视了来自世界某些地区的教师”。我们的论文重新审视并推进了坎特福德的讨论,并认为不仅在可能被描述为“传统国际学校”的地方似乎仍然依赖以英语为母语的英美演员,但还需要超越经济理论,转向社会学理论的应用。通过应用皮埃尔·布迪厄 (Pierre Bourdieu) 的社会场理论,我们展示了如何在离散的活动水平内发生有利于来自某些西方/全球北方国家的母语为英语的人的积极歧视,从而创造出一种明显但最常被误认的情况。一系列复杂的 doxa 在舞台上持续存在,从招聘级别开始,并在课程交付和教师保留级别中继续。我们展示了该领域总体上如何拥有促进劳动力市场内部分裂的规范信仰体系,但同时又使其看起来自然、合法和“合法”。这种情况,诺莫斯,是一个强大的,有助于使有利于英国和美国演员的积极歧视的结构性条件从根本上说是正常的,以至于在大多数情况下都没有引起注意。该主题仍然需要更多的调查和验证。然而,通过理论化它,从而更好地面对它,我们可以说可以开始处理它。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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