The Fifth Passover Cup is mentioned in a textual variant of a baraita in Tractate Pesaḥim of the Babylonian Talmud (118a), attributed to Rabbi Ṭarfon and another anonymous Palestinian tanna. Scholars have demonstrated that the variant is primary in talmudic manuscripts and among the Babylonian Geonim. Following a nineteenth-century proposition of Isaac Baer Levinsohn, it is argued that the fifth cup was instituted in Babylonia due to concern for magical evil spirits aroused by even-numbered events [zugot]. Objections to Levinsohn’s theory can be allayed by critical source analysis: the Talmud’s attribution of the fifth cup to the Palestinian tanna Rabbi Ṭarfon in a baraita is pseudoepigraphic, based upon Rabbi Ṭarfon’s teaching regarding the recitation of Hallel ha-Gadol in Mishnah Ta‘anit 3:9. A special appendix is devoted to Levinsohn’s separate study on zugot in the ancient and medieval world.

第五届逾越节杯是在巴比伦塔木德（118a）的帕萨蒂姆（TractatePesaḥim）的巴拉塔（baraita）的文字变体中提到的，这归因于拉比·萨尔方（RabbiṬarfon）和另一名匿名的巴勒斯坦纳·塔纳（Tanna）。学者们已经证明，这种变体是塔尔穆迪手稿和巴比伦格尼姆人中的主要变种。继19世纪Isaac Baer Levinsohn的命题之后，有人认为第五杯是在巴比伦尼亚提出的，原因是担心偶数事件引起的魔鬼[ zugot ]。第五杯巴勒斯坦的犹太法典的归属：反对莱文森的理论可以通过重要来源分析平息塔纳在拉比·塔福baraita是伪史诗的，基于拉比·萨尔方（RabbiṬarfon）关于密西拿（Mishnah Ta'anit）3：9中哈雷尔·哈·加多尔（Halle Ha-Gadol）朗诵的教导。一个特殊的附录专门介绍了列文森对古代和中世纪世界中祖戈特人的单独研究。