The process of epistemological de-colonization of the historiography and archaeology of ancient Egypt and Nubia has begun unfolding only in the last two decades. It is still set in the context of descriptive disciplinary history with little reflection on and criticism of background theories and methods. As a consequence, some of the old approaches and concepts live on in the discipline. Utilizing the concepts of “thought collective” and “thought style” (sensu Ludwik Fleck) this paper analyzes previous works on ancient Egypt and Nubia written in the colonial discourse. Three key ideas run like threads through these works: 1. scientific racism, 2. socio-cultural evolution, and 3. colonial and imperial discourse. In this paper the emphasis will be put on scientific racism, its development, and its remnants in the archaeology and historiography of Egypt and Nubia.

仅在最近的二十年中，古代埃及和努比亚的史学和考古学的认识论非殖民化过程才开始展开。它仍然是在描述性学科史的背景下设置的，很少对背景理论和方法进行反思和批评。结果，一些旧的方法和概念仍然存在于该学科中。利用“思想集体”和“思想风格”的概念（sensuLudwik Fleck）分析了殖民话语中关于古埃及和努比亚的先前著作。这些作品贯穿着三个关键思想：1.科学种族主义； 2.社会文化演变；以及3.殖民和帝国话语。在本文中，重点将放在埃及和努比亚的考古学和史学中的科学种族主义，其发展及其残余上。