Retirement is a major life transition that involves changes to everyday routines, roles, and habits. Previous studies suggest that retirement may influence drinking habits. Many natural inhibitors of alcohol consumption disappear with the removal of work constraints. The potential impact depends on both individual and contextual factors. Women in the cohorts undergoing retirement now have been more active on the labor market, including the occupation of higher status jobs, which indicates more financial resources as well as a larger role loss after retirement. Also, the current cohorts who retire have had more liberal drinking habits throughout their lives compared to previous cohorts. We therefore examined changes in alcohol consumption surrounding retirement in different education groups among women and men undergoing retirement using annual data from the Health, Aging and Retirement Transitions in Sweden (HEARTS) study, a longitudinal national study of 60- to 66-year-olds (n = 5,913), from 2015 to 2018. Latent growth curve models were used to estimate trajectories of alcohol consumption. Results showed that those who retired during the follow-up increased their usual weekly alcohol consumption while those who worked or were retired throughout the period had stable drinking habits. Those who were retired reported the highest alcohol consumption. The increase surrounding retirement was driven by people with higher education. Women with tertiary education and men with intermediate or tertiary education increased their weekly alcohol intake after retirement, while those with low education had unchanged drinking habits. Mechanisms and motivations that may fuel increased alcohol intake among people with higher education should be further investigated.

中文翻译：

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瑞典退休过渡时期的酒精消费：基于教育的不同轨迹

退休是一个重要的人生过渡，涉及到改变日常生活，角色和习惯。先前的研究表明，退休可能会影响饮酒习惯。消除工作限制后，许多自然的酒精消耗抑制剂消失了。潜在影响取决于个人和背景因素。现在，正在退休的队列中的妇女在劳动力市场上更加活跃，包括占据较高地位的工作，这表明更多的财务资源以及退休后更大的角色丧失。而且，与以前的人群相比，目前退休的人们一生中都有更自由的饮酒习惯。n = 5,913），从2015年到2018年。使用潜在增长曲线模型来估算酒精消费的轨迹。结果显示，在随访期间退休的人通常每周的饮酒量增加，而在此期间工作或退休的人的饮酒习惯稳定。那些退休人员的酒精消耗量最高。退休人数的增加是受过高等教育的人所推动的。受过高等教育的妇女和受过中等或高等教育的男人退休后每周的酒精摄入量增加，而受教育程度低的妇女则保持饮酒习惯不变。应该进一步研究可能导致高等教育人群饮酒增加的机制和动机。