Abstract

CK2 is a constitutively active protein kinase that assuring a constant level of phosphorylation to its numerous substrates supports many of the most important biological functions. Nevertheless, its activity has to be controlled and adjusted in order to cope with the varying needs of a cell, and several examples of a fine-tune regulation of its activity have been described. More importantly, aberrant regulation of this enzyme may have pathological consequences, e.g. in cancer, chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and viral infection. Our review aims at summarizing our current knowledge about CK2 regulation. In the first part, we have considered the most important stimuli shown to affect protein kinase CK2 activity/expression. In the second part, we focus on the molecular mechanisms by which CK2 can be regulated, discussing controversial aspects and future perspectives.

摘要

CK2 是一种组成型活性蛋白激酶，可确保其众多底物的磷酸化水平恒定，支持许多最重要的生物学功能。然而，必须控制和调整其活动以应对细胞的不同需求，并且已经描述了对其活动进行微调调节的几个例子。更重要的是，这种酶的异常调节可能会产生病理后果，例如在癌症、慢性炎症、神经变性和病毒感染中。我们的评论旨在总结我们目前对 CK2 调节的了解。在第一部分中，我们考虑了影响蛋白激酶 CK2 活性/表达的最重要的刺激。在第二部分，我们关注 CK2 调控的分子机制，