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Structure of a hinge joint with textured sliding surfaces in terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea)
Zoological Letters ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-11 , DOI: 10.1186/s40851-021-00177-9
Miloš Vittori

The study of joints in terrestrial arthropods can provide insights into the evolutionary optimization of contacting surfaces that slide without lubrication. This work reports on the structure of the joint between the propodus and the dactylus in terrestrial isopods, the most successful group of crustaceans on land, focusing on the woodlouse Porcellio scaber. The joints were studied using fluorescence microscopy, 3D reconstruction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained results were functionally interpreted using high-speed video recordings by analyzing the use of the joint during locomotion. In the joint, which allows the dactylus to move in a single plain, a semicircular process on the propodus fits into a groove on the dactylus and guides its movement. The sliding surfaces of the propodal process are textured in the form of parallel epicuticular ridges a few hundred nanometers thick. This texturing is selective: while the less heavily loaded surfaces are textured, the surfaces that support the isopod during standing and walking are smooth. In contrast, the groove on the dactylus is completely smooth. We found a similar surface texture in several other species of terrestrial isopods and one aquatic isopod. The selective texturing of the joint may reduce wear by eliminating small particles. This effect of the ridges was confirmed using electron microscopy. The absence of ridges on heavily loaded surfaces may enhance the dissipation of forces in these regions.

中文翻译:

陆生等足动物中具有带纹理的滑动表面的铰链接头的结构(甲壳纲:等足类:鬼臼纲)

对陆生节肢动物关节的研究可以为不需润滑而滑动的接触表面的演化优化提供见解。这项工作报告了陆生等足动物(陆地上最成功的甲壳类动物)中的食足动物和仙人掌之间的关节结构,重点研究了竹虱Porcellio scaber。使用荧光显微镜,3D重建,扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对关节进行了研究。通过分析运动过程中关节的使用情况,使用高速视频记录功能解释了获得的结果。在关节中,可以使指骨在一个单一的平面中运动,在指骨上的半圆形过程适合在指骨上的凹槽中并引导其运动。足突过程的滑动表面以几百纳米厚的平行的表皮隆起的形式形成纹理。这种纹理化是有选择的:虽然较轻的表面具有纹理,但在站立和行走过程中支撑等足脚的表面却很光滑。相比之下,仙人掌上的凹槽是完全光滑的。我们在其他几种陆生等足动物和一种水生等足动物中发现了相似的表面纹理。接头的选择性纹理化可以通过消除小颗粒来减少磨损。使用电子显微镜确认了脊的这种作用。在重载表面上不存在脊可能会增强这些区域中的力消散。虽然较轻的表面具有纹理,但在站立和行走时支撑等足脚的表面是光滑的。相比之下,仙人掌上的凹槽是完全光滑的。我们在其他几种陆生等足动物和一种水生等足动物中发现了相似的表面纹理。接头的选择性纹理化可以通过消除小颗粒来减少磨损。使用电子显微镜确认了脊的这种作用。在重载表面上不存在脊可能会增强这些区域中的力消散。虽然较轻的表面具有纹理,但在站立和行走时支撑等足脚的表面是光滑的。相比之下,仙人掌上的凹槽是完全光滑的。我们在其他几种陆生等足动物和一种水生等足动物中发现了相似的表面纹理。接头的选择性纹理化可以通过消除小颗粒来减少磨损。使用电子显微镜确认了脊的这种作用。在重载表面上不存在脊可能会增强这些区域中的力消散。接头的选择性纹理化可以通过消除小颗粒来减少磨损。使用电子显微镜确认了脊的这种作用。在重载表面上不存在脊可能会增强这些区域中的力消散。接头的选择性纹理化可以通过消除小颗粒来减少磨损。使用电子显微镜确认了脊的这种作用。在重载表面上不存在脊可能会增强这些区域中的力消散。
更新日期:2021-05-11
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