‘Native-like’ use of discourse markers is a good indicator of language proficiency. Analysing four subcorpora of English-language tweets posted by Twitter users from the Nordic countries of Finland, Norway, and Sweden, this study considers the effects of discursive context and L1 influence on the correlation between semantic function and sentence position of the discourse marker actually. The study shows that both predictors appear to have a significant effect. A more formal context predicts more standard punctuation, distribution of the pragmatic functions, and placement of the discourse marker, and L1 influence is reflected in the preferred sentence position, with a substantial and significant difference observed between the Finnic and Germanic L1s. Furthermore, the study shows that while the discourse marker actually is significantly more frequent in colloquial Twitter language than in spoken English, the frequency is significantly lower and in line with spoken English in more constrained contexts.

中文翻译：

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实际上在北欧推文中

“类似母语”的语篇标记使用是语言熟练程度的一个很好的指标。分析发表来自芬兰，挪威和瑞典的北欧国家的Twitter用户英语鸣叫四个subcorpora，这项研究认为，话语语境和L1影响的语义功能和话语标记的句子位置之间的关系的影响实际. 研究表明，这两个预测因素似乎都有显着影响。更正式的语境预示着更标准的标点符号、语用功能的分布和话语标记的位置，并且 L1 的影响反映在首选的句子位置上，在芬兰语和日耳曼语 L1 之间观察到了实质性和显着的差异。此外，研究表明，虽然Twitter 口语中的话语标记实际上比英语口语中的频率高得多，但频率明显较低，并且在更受限的上下文中与英语口语一致。