Communities commonly warn against heavy alcohol and other substance use during natural disasters like hurricanes, because such use may produce risk for individuals and communities, with studies showing deleterious effects persisting months or even years. Examining patterns and emotional correlates of use in the immediate presence of hurricanes may identify useful risk prevention targets. We assessed self-reported substance use and emotions in a university community (faculty, staff, and students) having the unlucky fate of experiencing hurricanes in early September 2 years in a row. Participants (403 in 2018, 76.0% female; M age 28.82; SD = 12.36 and 292 in 2019, 72.6% female; M age 30.63; SD = 13.96) reported typical weekly substance use and emotions and then the same data during each hurricane day. Results showed elevated use of alcohol, caffeine and tobacco before and during each hurricane, but a rapid drop-off of alcohol and caffeine (but not tobacco) use immediately after—although anxiety remained high. Findings are interpreted using both tension-reduction and stress-coping models and suggestions are made for future risk mitigation.

中文翻译：

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在两次飓风期间大学社区的教职员工和学生使用酒精和其他物质：预防危险滥用的经验教训

社区通常警告在飓风等自然灾害期间不要使用大量酒精和其他物质，因为这种使用可能会给个人和社区带来风险，研究表明有害影响会持续数月甚至数年。检查在飓风直接出现时使用的模式和情绪相关性可以确定有用的风险预防目标。我们评估了一个大学社区（教职员工和学生）的自我报告的药物使用情况和情绪，该社区连续 2 年在 9 月初经历了飓风的不幸命运。参与者（2018 年 403 人，76.0% 女性；M年龄 28.82；SD  = 12.36 和 2019 年 292，72.6% 女性；M年龄 30.63；SD = 13.96) 报告了典型的每周物质使用和情绪，然后是每个飓风日的相同数据。结果显示，在每次飓风之前和期间，酒精、咖啡因和烟草的使用量增加，但酒精和咖啡因（但不是烟草）的使用量立即迅速下降——尽管焦虑仍然很高。调查结果使用缓解压力和应对压力的模型进行解释，并为未来的风险缓解提出建议。