Abstract The most common chemical’s spills in typical transportation accidents are those with petroleum products such as diesel fuel, the consequence of which is an extensive pollution of the soil. In order to plan properly fuel recovery from the soil, it is important to gain information about the soil depth which may be affected by pollutant and to predict the pollutant concentration in different soil layers. This study deals with the impact of basic atmospheric conditions, i.e. air temperature and humidity on the diesel fuel migration through the soil. The diesel fuel was spilled into columns (L = 30 cm; D = 4.6 cm) filled with sandy and clay soil samples, and its concentrations at various depths were measured after 11 days under various air temperature (20 and 40°C) and relative humidity (30–100%) conditions. The effects observed were explained by understanding physical processes, such as fuel evaporation, diffusion and adsorption on soil grains. The increase in temperature results in higher fuel evaporation loss and its faster vertical migration. The relative humidity effect is less pronounced but more complex, and it depends much on the soil type.

中文翻译：

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大气条件对溢出土壤中柴油迁移的影响

摘要 典型交通事故中最常见的化学品泄漏是柴油等石油产品的泄漏，其后果是对土壤的大范围污染。为了从土壤中适当地计划燃料回收，重要的是获取有关可能受污染物影响的土壤深度的信息并预测不同土壤层中的污染物浓度。本研究涉及基本大气条件（即空气温度和湿度）对柴油燃料通过土壤迁移的影响。将柴油倒入装有沙土和粘土样品的柱子（L = 30 cm；D = 4.6 cm）中，在不同气温（20 和 40°C）和相对温度下，11 天后测量不同深度的浓度。湿度 (30–100%) 条件。观察到的影响可以通过理解物理过程来解释，例如燃料蒸发、扩散和土壤颗粒上的吸附。温度升高导致更高的燃料蒸发损失和更快的垂直迁移。相对湿度的影响不那么明显，但更为复杂，而且很大程度上取决于土壤类型。