A molecular genetic and karyological study of the frog sculpin Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius, 1811 was carried out on an extensive sample from a large area of the species’ range. A total of 42 specimens was sampled from the Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, and coastal waters off the southern Kuril Islands, which makes this sampling scheme the most comprehensive to date. The level of mtDNA polymorphism was found to be low. The haplotypes of the species formed three phylogenetic groups. The unique M. stelleri haplotype from the coast of Shikotan Island linked all the studied groups, indicating that it is likely ancestral. Robertsonian polymorphism was identified in the species. In all five cytotypes (I – 2n = 44, II – 2n = 43, III – 2n = 42, IV – 2n = 41, V – 2n = 40; NF = 44+2) were identified, all of which were present in the Sea of Japan. Only one (cytotype I) was found in the Sea of Okhotsk, which is probably the closest to the ancestral karyotype. The significant chromosomal polymorphism and the presence of common haplotypes in the studied samples indicate their recent origin from a common ancestor and/or relatively recent contacts within the range. The discrepancies between mtDNA and karyotypes in assigning the ancestral M. stelleri to the coastal waters off Shikotan Island (southern Kuril Islands) and the Sea of Okhotsk, respectively, can be explained by the different inheritance mechanisms and the rates of evolution of molecular genetic and karyological traits.

中文翻译：

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基于 mtDNA 和核型分析的青蛙杜柱鱼 Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius，1811（Actinopterygii，Cottidae）的分化

1811 年，对青蛙杜鹃 Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius 进行了分子遗传学和核学研究，该研究对来自该物种范围的大面积区域的大量样本进行了研究。从日本海、鄂霍次克海和南千岛群岛沿海水域共采集了 42 个样本，这使得该采样方案成为迄今为止最全面的采样方案。发现 mtDNA 多态性水平较低。该物种的单倍型形成了三个系统发育群。来自色丹岛海岸的独特 M. stelleri 单倍型将所有研究群体联系起来，表明它很可能是祖先。在该物种中发现了罗伯逊多态性。在所有五种细胞型中（I – 2n = 44，II – 2n = 43，III – 2n = 42，IV – 2n = 41，V – 2n = 40；NF = 44+2），所有这些都存在于日本海。在鄂霍次克海中只发现了一种（细胞型 I），这可能是最接近祖先核型的。研究样本中显着的染色体多态性和常见单倍型的存在表明它们最近起源于该范围内的一个共同祖先和/或相对较近的接触者。在将祖先 M. stelleri 分别归属于色丹岛（南千岛群岛）和鄂霍次克海的沿海水域时，mtDNA 和核型之间的差异可以用不同的遗传机制和分子遗传和进化速率来解释。核学特征。研究样本中显着的染色体多态性和常见单倍型的存在表明它们最近起源于该范围内的一个共同祖先和/或相对较近的接触者。在将祖先 M. stelleri 分别归属于色丹岛（南千岛群岛）和鄂霍次克海的沿海水域时，mtDNA 和核型之间的差异可以用不同的遗传机制和分子遗传和进化速率来解释。核学特征。研究样本中显着的染色体多态性和常见单倍型的存在表明它们最近起源于该范围内的一个共同祖先和/或相对较近的接触者。mtDNA 和核型在将祖先 M. stelleri 分别分配到色丹岛（南千岛群岛）和鄂霍次克海的沿海水域时的差异可以用不同的遗传机制和分子遗传和进化速率来解释。核学特征。