Abstract

Fundamental legal concepts can be identified empirically, but they need to be justified logically. The formal deduction of fundamental legal concepts can be achieved by the integration of Hohfeld’s theory and logical method. Fundamental legal concepts should be defined and expressed as follows: right, duty, no-right, no-duty, power, liability and no- power, no-liability, and their relations should be specified as relations of external negation, correlation and classification. The substantive construction of fundamental legal concepts needs to fill the gaps in Hohfeld’s theory and ground fundamental legal concepts in certain legal thought. Given the mutually interpretive relations between legal thought and particular types of legal norms, as carriers of concepts in the “right” and “power” groups, legal norms can be classified as two types related to legal thought. The theory of the object of right, and especially the fact that the right therein can become the object of right, lays a foundation for interpreting the relation between right and power. In structural terms, right and power have a nested relation; in terms of properties, their relation is one of contradiction; functionally, it is one of means and end; in terms of amounts, it is one of equivalence; and in terms of logic, it is one of mutual priority. As the fulcrum of fundamental legal concepts, the dual structure of right-power has not only inspired theories relating to the types and nature of right but also provided modern jurisprudence with an interpretation of two-order construction of the concepts of law, the legal system and legal order. Its theory of practice rests on the fact that it offers a micro-mechanism shared by all forms of governance.

摘要

可以凭经验确定基本法律概念，但需要从逻辑上证明它们的合理性。基本法律概念的形式演绎可以通过霍菲尔德的理论和逻辑方法的结合来实现。基本法律概念应定义和表述如下：权利、义务、无权、无义务、权力、责任和无权、无责任，它们的关系应明确为对外否定关系、关联关系和分类关系. 基本法律概念的实体建构需要填补霍菲尔德理论的空白，在一定的法律思想中奠定基本的法律概念。鉴于法律思想与特定类型的法律规范之间的相互解释关系，作为“权利”和“权力”群体中概念的载体，法律规范可以分为与法律思想相关的两种类型。权利客体理论，特别是其中的权利可以成为权利客体这一事实，为解释权利与权力的关系奠定了基础。在结构上，权利和权力有嵌套关系；在性质上，它们的关系是矛盾的；在功能上，它是手段和目的之一；就金额而言，它是等价的；就逻辑而言，这是相互优先考虑的问题之一。作为基本法律概念的支点，权利-权力的二元结构不仅启发了有关权利的类型和性质的理论，而且为现代法学提供了对法律概念、法律体系的二阶建构的解释。和法律秩序。