The governance models of banking supervision in the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) have been subject to relevant developments in recent years. These have reshaped institutional and rule designs in the European Union, especially the relation between the national and supranational level. Since 2014, the European Central Bank (ECB) has supranational tasks and powers for the direct supervision of credit institutions, while the AML framework remains a national supervisory model with some EU harmonisation of the substantive rules. This article attempts to compare the two governance models by looking at the two systems through an assessment of their current tasks, objectives, responsibilities and powers. The article shows that there are multiple differences visible with regard to the multilevel cooperation and exercise of tasks and powers in the two models as well as divergent ways in which they will develop in future. It also demonstrates that there are challenges and opportunities in the designs and rules of the two systems.

单一监管机制（SSM）和反洗钱（AML）中的银行业监管治理模式近年来得到了相关发展。这些都重塑了欧盟的制度和规则设计，尤其是国家和超国家层面的关系。自 2014 年以来，欧洲中央银行 (ECB) 拥有直接监管信贷机构的超国家任务和权力，而反洗钱框架仍然是一种国家监管模式，与欧盟的一些实体规则相协调。本文试图通过评估两个系统的当前任务、目标、职责和权力来比较这两个治理模型。文章表明，两种模式在多层次合作和权责行使方面存在多重差异，未来发展方向也存在差异。这也表明，这两个系统的设计和规则都存在挑战和机遇。