In the face of the increasing substitution of free speech for academic freedom, I argue for the distinctiveness and irreplaceability of the latter. Academic freedom has evolved alongside universities in order to support the important social purpose universities serve. Having limned this evolution, I compare academic freedom and free speech. This comparison reveals freedom of expression to be an individual freedom, and academic freedom to be a group-differentiated freedom with a social purpose. I argue that the social purpose of academic freedom behooves an inclusive approach to group differentiation.

中文翻译：

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学术自由不断发展的社会目的。

面对越来越多的言论自由被学术自由取代，我主张后者的独特性和不可替代性。学术自由与大学一起发展，以支持大学所服务的重要社会目的。在描述了这种演变之后，我比较了学术自由和言论自由。这种比较揭示了言论自由是个人自由，学术自由是具有社会目的的群体差异化自由。我认为学术自由的社会目的应该采用包容性的方法来区分群体。