The research and construction of microgrids provide the possibility of effective use of distributed energy resources (DERs), where electricity is generated and consumed locally. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) energy trading in microgrids helps to create a totally competitive and autonomous market and brings benefits to both the market participants and utility companies. A P2P energy trading model based on iterative double auction and blockchain is proposed in this paper. The iterative double auction mechanism is used to elicit hidden information from all participants to achieve maximum social welfare, where buyers and sellers adjust quotes to better individual profits according to previous individual transaction volumes and the market equilibrium price, without much knowledge about the market itself. The optimal allocation of the energy and market equilibrium is obtained and verified. The autonomous realization of this P2P energy trading model on blockchain is further presented and discussed. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed iterative double auction algorithm. It is found that the average hourly social welfare for the proposed iterative double auction algorithm is $-$$29.06, which is a 22.3% increase over the zero-intelligence strategy ($-$$37.41).

微电网的研究和建设为有效利用分布式能源 (DER) 提供了可能性，其中电力在当地产生和消费。微电网中的点对点 (P2P) 能源交易有助于创建一个完全竞争和自治的市场，并为市场参与者和公用事业公司带来好处。本文提出了一种基于迭代双拍卖和区块链的P2P能源交易模型。迭代双拍卖机制用于从所有参与者中获取隐藏信息以实现最大的社会福利，买卖双方根据之前的个人交易量和市场均衡价格调整报价以获得更好的个人利润，而无需对市场本身了解太多。获得并验证了能源的最优配置和市场均衡。进一步介绍和讨论了这种 P2P 能源交易模型在区块链上的自主实现。数值例子被用来说明所提出的迭代双重拍卖算法的可行性和有效性。发现所提出的迭代双重拍卖算法的平均每小时社会福利为$-$29.06 美元，比零智能策略增加了 22.3%（$-$37.41 美元）。