This article examines the requirements of resilience and reliability for gas to power systems planning in an era of decarbonization. It recongizes that energy transitions and decarbonization portend an increasing competition between various traditional and emerging net-zero, carbon neutral and low-carbon energy sources and technologies. Likewise, energy policy development has traditionally focused on the dimensions of affordability, sustainability, cost-efficiency through viable markets and security of supply. Recent disruptive events that may or may not be attributable to climate change have tested the resiliency of energy networks. Thus, energy policy and planning now require a more comprehensive outlook that includes the dimension of resilience. Also, there is the need to prevent or effectively manage the aftermath of disruptive events, rather than a piecemeal focus on hardening infrastructure against one or more issues such as cyber-security and functionality of energy networks in adverse conditions. This article discusses resilience and reliability as key dimensions of US energy policy from a public choice law and economics purview. It builds on the premise that politicians, administrative agencies and other stakeholders in the energy sector can be irrational and therefore unable to identify and implement the policy package that is in the public interest if not properly guided. It considers the role of investments in resilience and systems planning. It also underscores the need for developing a more efficient framework that would enable relevant stakeholders to avoid the risk of opportunity cost neglect, informational gaps and fragmented institutional coordination that could escalate the social, health, safety and economic impacts of future disruptive events such as the February 2021 winter storm Uri that tested the resilience of energy supply infrastructure in the US.

中文翻译：

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美国的弹性、可靠性和天然气发电系统：脱碳时代的能源政策展望

本文研究了脱碳时代气电系统规划对弹性和可靠性的要求。它认识到能源转型和脱碳预示着各种传统和新兴的净零、碳中和和低碳能源和技术之间的竞争日益激烈。同样，能源政策的制定历来侧重于通过可行的市场和供应安全实现的可负担性、可持续性、成本效益等方面。最近可能归因于也可能不归因于气候变化的破坏性事件已经测试了能源网络的弹性。因此，能源政策和规划现在需要更全面的展望，其中包括复原力的维度。此外，需要预防或有效管理破坏性事件的后果，而不是针对一个或多个问题（例如不利条件下的网络安全和能源网络的功能）加固基础设施。本文从公共选择法和经济学的角度讨论弹性和可靠性作为美国能源政策的关键维度。它建立在能源部门的政治家、行政机构和其他利益相关者可能不理性的前提下，因此如果没有得到适当的指导，就无法确定和实施符合公共利益的一揽子政策。它考虑了投资在弹性和系统规划方面的作用。它还强调需要制定一个更有效的框架，使相关利益攸关方能够避免机会成本被忽视的风险，