Stress is often associated with pathophysiologic responses, like blood pressure (BP) reactivity, which when experienced repeatedly may be one pathway through which stress leads to poor physical health. Previous laboratory and field studies linking stress to physiological measures are limited by small samples, narrow demographics, and artificial stress manipulations, whereas large-scale studies often do not capture measures like BP reactivity in daily life. We examined perceived stress, emotions, heart rate, and BP during daily life using a 3-wk app-based study. We confirmed the validity of a smartphone-based optic sensor to measure BP and then analyzed data from more than 330,000 daily responses from over 20,000 people. Stress was conceptualized as the ratio of situational demands relative to individual resources to cope. We found that greater demands were associated with higher BP reactivity, but critically, the ratio of demands relative to resources improved prediction of BP changes. When demands were higher and resources were lower, there was higher BP reactivity. Additionally, older adults showed greater concordance between self-reported stress and physiologic responses than younger adults. We also observed that physiologic reactivity was associated with current emotional state, and both valence and arousal mattered. For example, BP increased with high-arousal negative emotions (e.g., anger) and decreased with low-arousal positive emotions (e.g., contentment). Taken together, this work underscores the potential for expanding stress science and public health data using handheld phones to reliably and validly measure physiologic responses linked to stress, emotion, and physical health.

压力通常与病理生理反应有关，例如血压 (BP) 反应性，当反复经历这种反应时，可能是压力导致身体健康不佳的一种途径。先前将压力与生理测量联系起来的实验室和实地研究受到小样本、狭窄的人口统计学和人工压力操作的限制，而大规模研究通常无法捕捉日常生活中的血压反应等测量。我们使用基于应用程序的 3 周研究检查了日常生活中的感知压力、情绪、心率和血压。我们确认了基于智能手机的光学传感器测量血压的有效性，然后分析了来自 20,000 多人的 330,000 多个日常响应的数据。压力被概念化为情境需求与个人应对资源的比率。我们发现更高的需求与更高的 BP 反应性相关，但至关重要的是，需求与资源的比率提高了对 BP 变化的预测。当需求较高而资源较低时，BP 反应性较高。此外，与年轻人相比，老年人在自我报告的压力和生理反应之间表现出更大的一致性。我们还观察到生理反应与当前的情绪状态有关，效价和唤醒都很重要。例如，BP随着高度唤醒的负面情绪（例如，愤怒）而增加，随着低唤醒的积极情绪（例如，满足）而降低。总之，这项工作强调了使用手持电话扩展压力科学和公共卫生数据以可靠和有效地测量与压力相关的生理反应的潜力，