The development of biosensors is critical to reducing potential risks associated with contamination accidents. However, the application of microbial electrochemical sensors for water biotoxicity monitoring is hampered by the lack of an indicator with high response magnitudes. In this study, microbial electrochemical sensors were fabricated with interdigitated electrode arrays (IDAs), and indicators from various electrochemical analyses were comprehensively investigated. Only the peak of cyclic voltammetry (CV) was highly linearly correlated with the commonly used current indicator during the enrichment of the electroactive biofilm. The resistance fitted from the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data provided a comparable and even higher inhibition ratio (IR) than the current during toxicity assessments. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) did not exhibit a higher sensitivity than the CV peak. However, no clear response was observed in the real-time impedance analysis for use in water biotoxicity monitoring. Most of the microbes were in the propidium iodide (PI)-permeable state after the toxicity assessments, although the current was fully recovered. This study demonstrates the potential to use EIS data as indicators of water biotoxicity using microbial electrochemical sensors.

生物传感器的开发对于降低与污染事故相关的潜在风险至关重要。然而，由于缺乏具有高响应幅度的指标，微生物电化学传感器在水生物毒性监测中的应用受到阻碍。在这项研究中，微生物电化学传感器是用叉指电极阵列 (IDA) 制造的，并对来自各种电化学分析的指标进行了综合研究。在电活性生物膜富集过程中，只有循环伏安法 (CV) 的峰值与常用的电流指标高度线性相关。在毒性评估期间，根据电化学阻抗谱 (EIS) 数据拟合的电阻提供了与电流相当甚至更高的抑制率 (IR)。差分脉冲伏安法 (DPV) 没有表现出比 CV 峰更高的灵敏度。然而，在用于水生物毒性监测的实时阻抗分析中没有观察到明确的响应。大多数微生物在毒性评估后处于碘化丙啶 (PI) 可渗透状态，尽管电流已完全恢复。这项研究证明了使用微生物电化学传感器将 EIS 数据用作水生物毒性指标的潜力。