Basmati rice is increasingly recognized and consumed in different parts of the world due to its different tastes and nutritional properties. This research focused on determining the cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) content in locally grown basmati rice in Pakistan and assessing the risks of these values to human health. Root, shoot and grain samples of basmati rice were taken, along with soil samples from the five regions studied. Metal mean concentrations (mg/kg) in grains fluctuated from 2.70 to 9.80 for Cd, 4.80 to 9.85 for Zn, 1.16 to 1.46 for Cu, 1.84 to 10.86 for Co, 2.05 to 13.07 for Fe, 5.03 to 11.11 for Mn and 3.24 to 13.28 for Ni, respectively. All metal values were within permissible limits except for Cd. The enrichment factor for Cd was highest among all sites. Cobalt and zinc had the highest bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor. The highest enrichment factor was noticed for Cd and the lowest for Cu. The health risk index at all examined sites was less than one. Consistent examination is recommended to limit health hazards instigated by the use of rice polluted with a greater concentration of Cd.

中文翻译：

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印度香米中重金属的风险评估：对公共卫生的影响

由于其不同的口味和营养特性，印度香米在世界不同地区越来越受到认可和消费。本研究的重点是测定巴基斯坦当地种植的印度香米中的镉 (Cd)、钴 (Co)、铜 (Cu)、铁 (Fe)、锰 (Mn)、镍 (Ni) 和锌 (Zn) 含量，并评估这些价值观对人类健康的风险。采集了巴斯马蒂大米的根、芽和谷物样品，以及来自五个研究地区的土壤样品。晶粒中的金属平均浓度（mg/kg）在 Cd 的 2.70 至 9.80、Zn 的 4.80 至 9.85、Cu 的 1.16 至 1.46、Co 的 1.84 至 10.86、Fe 的 2.05 至 13.07、5.01 至 13.07 和 14 Mn 之间波动Ni分别为13.28。除 Cd 外，所有金属值均在允许范围内。Cd 的富集因子在所有站点中最高。钴和锌的生物蓄积因子和易位因子最高。注意到 Cd 的富集因子最高，而 Cu 的富集因子最低。所有检查点的健康风险指数均小于 1。建议进行一致的检查，以限制因使用受更高浓度 Cd 污染的稻米而引发的健康危害。