Abstract

Genetic improvement of soybean, one of the major crops providing edible oil and protein-rich food, is important to ensure balanced nutrition for the growing world population. To make soybean cultivation more rewarding, an increase in seed oil and protein content is most desirable. Here, a critical review of the efforts employed over a half-century to accomplish the improvement of soybean oil and protein content has been presented. Many studies have used diverse parental lines to map and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL)/genes regulating these two essential traits. Here, we highlighted such genomic loci that were consistently identified with different mapping approaches, like QTL mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and meta-QTL analysis. In addition, the information generated through efforts utilizing omics approaches, such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics has also been compiled to anticipate the molecular mechanism. Several innovative approaches like multi-parental mapping, induced mutagenesis, genomic selection, transgenics, and genome-editing have been discussed in terms of effective utilization of technological advances to improve the oil and protein content in soybean. Information provided here will be helpful for better understanding and designing an effective strategy for simultaneous improvement in seed oil and protein content in soybean.

摘要

大豆是提供食用油和富含蛋白质的食物的主要作物之一，其遗传改良对于确保不断增长的世界人口的均衡营养非常重要。为了使大豆种植更有价值，最需要增加种子油和蛋白质含量。在这里，对半个多世纪以来为改善大豆油和蛋白质含量所做的努力进行了批判性回顾。许多研究使用不同的亲本系来绘制和表征调节这两个基本特征的数量性状位点 (QTL)/基因。在这里，我们强调了使用不同映射方法一致鉴定的基因组位点，如 QTL 映射、全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 和元 QTL 分析。此外，通过利用组学方法的努力产生的信息，诸如基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学等也被编译以预测分子机制。在有效利用技术进步提高大豆油和蛋白质含量方面，已经讨论了几种创新方法，如多亲本作图、诱导诱变、基因组选择、转基因和基因组编辑。这里提供的信息将有助于更好地理解和设计同时提高大豆种子油和蛋白质含量的有效策略。和基因组编辑已经在有效利用技术进步以提高大豆中的油和蛋白质含量方面进行了讨论。这里提供的信息将有助于更好地理解和设计同时提高大豆种子油和蛋白质含量的有效策略。和基因组编辑已经在有效利用技术进步以提高大豆中的油和蛋白质含量方面进行了讨论。这里提供的信息将有助于更好地理解和设计同时提高大豆种子油和蛋白质含量的有效策略。