We use detailed information on the location of agricultural and mining production to approximate international trade for different ethnic groups in order to study its impact on ethnic conflicts in Africa between 1993 and 2010. The goal is to go beyond the income effects of trade to study the residual effects of globalization on conflicts. We find that once we control for income but also for a wide variety of different factors in conflicts (using political variables and fixed effects), the international trade by ethnic groups has a pacific impact on conflicts. While this peaceful impact of trade is mainly found in the trade in agricultural products, it does not have a significant impact on the international trade in mining products. Finally, we propose an original two-step analysis showing that exports significantly reduce conflicts by affecting time-varying national characteristics. We interpret this result as an indication that globalization in Africa has participated in the formation of new national identities with peaceful effects between ethnic groups.

中文翻译：

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超越国际贸易对非洲种族战争的收入影响

我们使用农业和采矿生产所在地的详细信息来近似不同种族群体的国际贸易，以研究其对 1993 年至 2010 年间非洲种族冲突的影响。目标是超越贸易的收入效应，研究全球化对冲突的残余影响。我们发现，一旦我们控制了收入以及冲突中的各种不同因素（使用政治变量和固定效应），种族群体的国际贸易对冲突产生了和平的影响。虽然贸易的这种和平影响主要体现在农产品贸易中，但对矿业产品的国际贸易影响不大。最后，我们提出了一个原始的两步分析，表明出口通过影响随时间变化的国家特征来显着减少冲突。我们将此结果解释为表明非洲的全球化参与了新的民族认同的形成，并在种族之间产生了和平影响。