The purpose of this paper is to review existing literature and show the state of the art regarding the factors that influence the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of individuals. It provides a synthesis/integration of previous research on the topic as a framework to identify shortcomings, new lines of research, and practical insights. The analysis conducts a systematic review of 177 papers in the SCOPUS database from 1994 to 2017. The findings highlight three themes regarding the factors that influence EI: personal-level variables, entrepreneurship education (EE), and contextual factors and institutional variables. Within each of these themes, cognitive factors such as self-efficacy; personality and psychological variables such as propensity/adversity to risk; and socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, and human capital seem to exert an influence, in addition to personal motivations and/or deterrents. EE appears to have the greatest influence in most cases; at least it helps to develop greater self-efficacy or a more favorable attitude toward entrepreneurship, among others. Finally, with regard to contextual and institutional variables, cultural and social contexts seem to have a clear influence on EI, along with informal institutions through the normative dimension. Although there are many studies on the “factors that influence EI,” this study is the first attempt to make a qualitative presentation on the state of the art. It makes practical suggestions to encourage entrepreneurship in universities and in retired individuals. It also makes recommendations for improvement and suggests new lines of research such as the importance of linking these three categories of factors that influence EI, with the evaluation of an international entrepreneurship.

本文的目的是回顾现有文献并展示有关影响个人创业意愿 (EI) 因素的最新技术。它提供了对该主题先前研究的综合/整合，作为识别缺点、新研究方向和实用见解的框架。该分析对 1994 年至 2017 年 SCOPUS 数据库中的 177 篇论文进行了系统审查。研究结果突出了影响 EI 因素的三个主题：个人层面变量、创业教育 (EE) 以及背景因素和制度变量。在每个主题中，自我效能等认知因素；个性和心理变量，例如风险倾向/逆境；和社会人口变量，如年龄、性别、除了个人动机和/或威慑之外，人力资本似乎也会产生影响。在大多数情况下，EE 似乎影响最大；至少它有助于培养更大的自我效能感或对创业等更有利的态度。最后，关于背景和制度变量，文化和社会背景似乎对 EI 有明显的影响，以及通过规范维度的非正式制度。尽管有许多关于“影响 EI 的因素”的研究，但这项研究是首次尝试对现有技术进行定性介绍。它提出了鼓励大学和退休人员创业的实用建议。