This paper analyses the shortcomings of European suicide prevention policy in places of detention, a topic that has been neglected in the European legal literature. Four interrelated characteristics of the suicide prevention policies developed by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) are responsible for the failures of these policies. First, the risk-based approach relies on individual risk calculations by national detention authorities to the detriment of environmental factors and a holistic approach. Second, there is an unacknowledged tension in the jurisprudence of the ECtHR between the right to life of detainees and the right to life of potential victims of terrorism and other serious crimes. Third, the jurisprudence on state liability, with its individual risk-based approach, has been translated into highly restrictive death avoidance national practices, which infringe human dignity and reinforce detainees’ willingness to commit suicide. Finally, the right to life does not effectively limit the inherent punitiveness of suicide prevention policies.

中文翻译：

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从拘留场所预防自杀看欧洲人权体系和生命权：风险管理与惩罚之间

本文分析了欧洲法律文献中一直被忽视的拘留场所自杀预防政策的缺陷。欧洲人权法院 (ECtHR) 制定的自杀预防政策的四个相互关联的特征是这些政策失败的原因。首先，基于风险的方法依赖于国家拘留当局对环境因素不利的个人风险计算和整体方法。其次，在欧洲人权法院的判例中，被拘留者的生命权与恐怖主义和其他严重罪行的潜在受害者的生命权之间存在一种未被承认的紧张关系。第三，关于国家责任的判例及其基于个人风险的方法，已转化为高度限制性的避免死亡的国家做法，这侵犯了人的尊严并增强了被拘留者的自杀意愿。最后，生命权并没有有效地限制自杀预防政策的内在惩罚性。