Among different environmental stresses,cold stress can significantly affect plant’s physiological activity, biochemical metabolism, growth,development and crop productivity. Problems due to cold stress should be addressed seriously keeping in concern extreme temperature events due to climate change, alarming increase in population growth and demanding food needs. Cold signal is recognized by receptors of cell membrane,severity of which is determined by factors like light and temperature. The signal is transduced by cold responsive genes, second messengers like calcium and transcription factors to exert symptoms including decreased germination, stunted growth, chlorosis, wilting of leaves, compromised reproductive development and ultimately necrosis. Cold stress induces cell membrane damage, reduction in scavenging enzymes’ activity, loss of energy in photosynthetic apparatus and stability of proteins. This review presents a broader overview of components regulating cold stress responses, changes in physiological processes, transcriptional; post-transcriptional regulations,coldsignaling pathway and interactions with photoreceptors, phytohormones, pathogenesis-related genes, microbial interactions during cold stress.

在不同的环境胁迫中，冷胁迫对植物的生理活性、生化代谢、生长发育和作物生产力有显着影响。应认真解决冷应激引起的问题，同时关注气候变化引起的极端温度事件、人口增长的惊人增长和粮食需求的增加。冷信号由细胞膜受体识别，其严重程度由光、温度等因素决定。该信号由冷响应基因、钙等第二信使和转录因子转导，以产生包括发芽减少、生长迟缓、萎黄、叶子枯萎、生殖发育受损和最终坏死在内的症状。冷应激导致细胞膜损伤，清除酶的活性降低，光合装置的能量损失和蛋白质的稳定性。这篇综述对调节冷应激反应、生理过程变化、转录的成分进行了更广泛的概述；转录后调控、冷信号通路以及与光感受器的相互作用、植物激素、发病机制相关基因、低温胁迫下微生物的相互作用。